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What Are Cursor Variables ?
The Cursor variables are like C or Pascal pointers that hold the memory location (address) of some item rather of the item itself. Therefore, declaring a cursor variable creates a pointer, not an item. In the PL/SQL, the pointer has a datatype REF X, where REF is short form for the REFERENCE and X stands for the class of objects. Therefore, a cursor variable has the datatype REF CURSOR.
To execute a multi-row query, the Oracle opens an unnamed work region which stores processing the information. To access the information, you can use an explicit cursor that names the work area. Or, you can use a cursor variable that points to the work region. While the cursor always refers to the similar query work region, a cursor variable can refer to various work regions. Therefore, the cursors and cursor variables are not interoperable.
Controlling Cursor Variables You use 3 statements to control the cursor variable: OPEN-FOR, FETCH, & CLOSE. At First, you OPEN a cursor variable FOR a multi-row query. Then, y
Description: Demonstrate your knowledge of PL/SQL programming by writing and thoroughly testing triggers and stored procedures associated with an e-commerce application that pr
Example of NOT EXISTS Operator - SQL Example is a translation into SQL of the corresponding example, which is included there merely to show that for any scalar comparison the
Selecting Objects: Suppose that you have run the SQL*Plus script below that creates object type Person and object table persons, and that you have settled the table: CREATE
a. Create a table odetails_new. It has all the attributes of odetails and an additional column called cost, whose values are the product of the quantity and price of the part bein
Keyword & Parameter Description: PRAGMA: These keywords signify that the statement is a pragma (i.e. compiler directive). The Pragmas are processed at the compile time, n
Remote Operations: As the illustration shows below, the PL/SQL subprograms can execute the dynamic SQL statements which refer to the objects on a remote database: PROCEDURE
Components of an Object Type: An object type encapsulates the operations and data. Therefore, you can declare the methods and attributes in an object type specification, but no
How Calls Are Resolved? The figure shows that how the PL/SQL compiler resolves the subprogram calls. When the compiler encounters the procedure or function call, it tries to di
Parameter and Keyword Description: label_name: This is an undeclared identifier which optionally labels a loop. When used, the label_name should be enclosed by double ang
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