Crystal growth, Physics

Assignment Help:

 

The fabrication of discrete and integrated circuit solid state devices requires semiconductor crystals with impurity concentrations as low as possible and crystals that contain very few imperfection. A number of laboratory techniques are available for growing high purity semiconductor crystal. The refining of silicon by the Czochralski Technology is the most common method of producing monocrystalline silicon large diameter monocrystalline silicon can be grown with the Czochralski technique. This method involves growing a single crystal ingot from the melt, using solidification on a seed crystal as depicted. Czochralski silicon can be grown with resistivity in the order of 1 to 2mO-cm. Which is sufficient for making of most IC’s; including low to medium power IC’s. Molten Si is held in a quartz crucible in graphite suspected, which is heated by a radio frequency induction coil. A small dislocation free crystal, known as a seed, is lowered to touch the melt and then gradually pulled out of the melt. The seed is rotated in the pulling stage, to get a cylindrical ingot. To suppress evaporation from the melt and prevent oxidation, argon gas is passed through the system. At first, when the crystal is withdrawn, its cross –sectional area increase. It then reaches a constant value determined by the temperature gradients, heat losses and the pull. As the melt solidifies on the crystals, heat of fusion is released and must be away through the crystal. While the rate of pull finds the rate at which latent heat is released. To obtain an ingot with a large cross-sectional area, the pull speed must be slow. The Czochralski technique is also used for growing Gallium; Gallium Arsenide through each case has its own particular requirements. The main drawback of the Czochralski technique is that the final silicon crystal inevitably contains oxygen impurities dissolved from the quartz crystal crucible.

 


Related Discussions:- Crystal growth

Illustrate what is moment of inertia, Q. Illustrate what is moment of inert...

Q. Illustrate what is moment of inertia? Answer:- Moment of inertia is the term utilized to measure or quantifies the amount of mass located at an object's extremities. Fo

Electric field, Can we take a negative test charge to find electric field?

Can we take a negative test charge to find electric field?

Explain huygens eye piece, Explain Huygens eye piece with the help of a cle...

Explain Huygens eye piece with the help of a clean sketch. Illustrate its advantages and disadvantages. What are impure and pure spectra. State the conditions to produce a pure

Magnetic lines of induction and electric lines of force, The potential of e...

The potential of earth is taken as zero. Illustrate What is the difference between magnetic lines of induction and electric lines of force?

State the condition of diffraction of light takes place, Normal 0 ...

Normal 0 false false false EN-IN X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4

Define hole in wall (princeton), Define Hole in Wall (Princeton)? A con...

Define Hole in Wall (Princeton)? A container is separated into two parts I and II by a partition with a small hole of diameter d Helium gas in the two parts is held at temper

Define the diatomic molecules in two dimensions, Define the Diatomic Molecu...

Define the Diatomic Molecules in Two Dimensions? You have been transported to a two-dimensional world by an evil wizard who refuses to let you revisit to your beloved Columbia

Explain fraunhoffer lines, Show the types of chromatic aberration. What do ...

Show the types of chromatic aberration. What do you understand by Fraunhoffer lines? Explain their origin.

ELECTROSTATIC ., two insulated charged copper spheres A and B of identical ...

two insulated charged copper spheres A and B of identical size have charge q and -3q respectably .when they are brought in contact with each other and then separated,what are the n

Calculate the heat capacity of the system, During some kind of process the ...

During some kind of process the pressure of 2 mol of nitrogen gas linearly depends on the volume: p = p 0 + kV here p 0 and k are constants. What are the values fo

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd