Crystal growth, Physics

Assignment Help:

 

The fabrication of discrete and integrated circuit solid state devices requires semiconductor crystals with impurity concentrations as low as possible and crystals that contain very few imperfection. A number of laboratory techniques are available for growing high purity semiconductor crystal. The refining of silicon by the Czochralski Technology is the most common method of producing monocrystalline silicon large diameter monocrystalline silicon can be grown with the Czochralski technique. This method involves growing a single crystal ingot from the melt, using solidification on a seed crystal as depicted. Czochralski silicon can be grown with resistivity in the order of 1 to 2mO-cm. Which is sufficient for making of most IC’s; including low to medium power IC’s. Molten Si is held in a quartz crucible in graphite suspected, which is heated by a radio frequency induction coil. A small dislocation free crystal, known as a seed, is lowered to touch the melt and then gradually pulled out of the melt. The seed is rotated in the pulling stage, to get a cylindrical ingot. To suppress evaporation from the melt and prevent oxidation, argon gas is passed through the system. At first, when the crystal is withdrawn, its cross –sectional area increase. It then reaches a constant value determined by the temperature gradients, heat losses and the pull. As the melt solidifies on the crystals, heat of fusion is released and must be away through the crystal. While the rate of pull finds the rate at which latent heat is released. To obtain an ingot with a large cross-sectional area, the pull speed must be slow. The Czochralski technique is also used for growing Gallium; Gallium Arsenide through each case has its own particular requirements. The main drawback of the Czochralski technique is that the final silicon crystal inevitably contains oxygen impurities dissolved from the quartz crystal crucible.

 


Related Discussions:- Crystal growth

What is fluorescence, Q. What is fluorescence? When an atomic or else m...

Q. What is fluorescence? When an atomic or else molecular system is excited into higher energy state by absorption of energy it returns back to lower energy state in a time les

Diffrence between the atomic theory and the kinetic theory, Q. What is the ...

Q. What is the dissimilarity between the Atomic Theory and the Kinetic Theory? Answer:- Atomic theory is about structure of an atom that is its composition. Similar to an

Explain photon, According to Eisenstein's quantum theory light propagates i...

According to Eisenstein's quantum theory light propagates in the bundles of power, every packet being called as photon and possessing energy.

Energy conservation, a compreesed spring is used to send a cart around circ...

a compreesed spring is used to send a cart around circular loop what is the friction

Fluid Mechanics, Hello, Placing a smooth walled cone, say for now, a 24" d...

Hello, Placing a smooth walled cone, say for now, a 24" diameter intake x 96" in length that smoothly tapers to an 1-1/2" diameter outlet, (a drogue placed 48" deep at the centerl

Electronics, list the factors used to classify inductors.

list the factors used to classify inductors.

Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched, Which one of the...

Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched: (1) Rutherford-Proton (2) J.J. Thomsom-Electron (3) J.H. Chadwick-Neutron (4) Bohr-Isotope Ans:(4)Bohr-Is

Explain one ohm, 1 OHM: If a potential difference of 1 volt is applied ...

1 OHM: If a potential difference of 1 volt is applied across the ends of a conductor and the resulting current flowing by the conductor is 1 ampere, the resistance of the condu

Describe how dewar flasks limit energy transfer, Describe how Dewar flasks ...

Describe how Dewar flasks limit energy transfer A Dewar flask (thermos)  is a device that resists energy transfer. Explain how Dewar flasks limit energy transfer by listing the

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd