Crystal growth, Physics

Assignment Help:

 

The fabrication of discrete and integrated circuit solid state devices requires semiconductor crystals with impurity concentrations as low as possible and crystals that contain very few imperfection. A number of laboratory techniques are available for growing high purity semiconductor crystal. The refining of silicon by the Czochralski Technology is the most common method of producing monocrystalline silicon large diameter monocrystalline silicon can be grown with the Czochralski technique. This method involves growing a single crystal ingot from the melt, using solidification on a seed crystal as depicted. Czochralski silicon can be grown with resistivity in the order of 1 to 2mO-cm. Which is sufficient for making of most IC’s; including low to medium power IC’s. Molten Si is held in a quartz crucible in graphite suspected, which is heated by a radio frequency induction coil. A small dislocation free crystal, known as a seed, is lowered to touch the melt and then gradually pulled out of the melt. The seed is rotated in the pulling stage, to get a cylindrical ingot. To suppress evaporation from the melt and prevent oxidation, argon gas is passed through the system. At first, when the crystal is withdrawn, its cross –sectional area increase. It then reaches a constant value determined by the temperature gradients, heat losses and the pull. As the melt solidifies on the crystals, heat of fusion is released and must be away through the crystal. While the rate of pull finds the rate at which latent heat is released. To obtain an ingot with a large cross-sectional area, the pull speed must be slow. The Czochralski technique is also used for growing Gallium; Gallium Arsenide through each case has its own particular requirements. The main drawback of the Czochralski technique is that the final silicon crystal inevitably contains oxygen impurities dissolved from the quartz crystal crucible.

 


Related Discussions:- Crystal growth

Show the use of fire extinguisher, Q. Show the use of Fire extinguisher? ...

Q. Show the use of Fire extinguisher? Ans: a) Pull the pin at the top of the extinguisher. b) Aim the nozzle towards the base of the fire. c) Stand approximately 8

Analog electronics, current gam relashionship betweem alpha and betta

current gam relashionship betweem alpha and betta

Determine the volume flow rate, Water flows from a large tank through a lar...

Water flows from a large tank through a large pipe that splits into two smaller pipes as shown in Figure. If viscous effects are negligible (no head loss), determine the volume flo

Vectors, The resultant of two forces 3P and 2P is R. If the first force is ...

The resultant of two forces 3P and 2P is R. If the first force is doubled then the resultant is also doubled. then the angle between the two forces us. plz xplain with the solution

What is drift current, As electron hole pair (because of thermal collisions...

As electron hole pair (because of thermal collisions) is continuously formed in the depletion region. These are a regular flow of electrons in the direction of the N-side and of ho

How a cph does stop or its speed decreases, How a CPH does stop or its spee...

How a CPH does stop or its speed decreases? Answer; it is a principle that Vc is stable thus that; gradV c =0 Thus, never V c increases or decreases.

Compute the pitching motion of the spacecraft, A spacecraft design similar ...

A spacecraft design similar to GEOSAT proposes to use passive gravity-gradient stabilization for pitch attitude control (motion about the y-axis).  The satellite consists of a tip

Compton effect and quantum nature of light, Q.   Describe Compton effect. D...

Q.   Describe Compton effect. Drive an expression for Compton shift. How does it support the particle nature of light.  Compton Effect and Quantum Nature of Light A.H. Com

Magnetic effect of the earth, Magnetic effect of the earth is? Magnetic...

Magnetic effect of the earth is? Magnetic effect of the earth. The earth behaves as it has got a big magnet, running as mot a big magnet, running almost from its north to South

What force does every one exert on the other, Regard as two charged particl...

Regard as two charged particles. At a given separation every particle exerts a force of 12 N on the other. What force does every one exert on the other after someone moves the part

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd