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The type of longitudinal study in which the subjects receive different treatments on the various occasions. Random allocation is required to determine the order in which the treatments are received. The simplest such design includes two groups of the subjects, one of which receives each of the two treatments, A and B, in the order AB, while the other takes them in the reverse order. This is called as a two-by-two crossover design. While the treatment comparison is 'within-subject' rather than the 'between-subject', it is likely to need fewer subjects to achieve the given power. The study of such designs is not necessarily straight- forward because of the possibility of the carryover effects, that is left over effects of the treatment received on the first occasion which remain present into the second occasion. An attempt to minimize this problem is many times made by including the wash-out period between the two treatment occasions. Some of the authorities have suggested that this type of design should only be used if such carryover effects can be ruled out a priori. Crossover designs are only applicable to the chronic conditions for which short-term relief of the symptoms is the goal rather than a cure of it.
Chebyshev's inequality: A statement about the proportion of the observations which fall within some number of the standard deviations of the mean for any of the probability distri
Bivariate survival data : The data in which the two related survival times are of interest. For instance, in familial studies of disease incidence, data might be available on the a
Clinical vs. statistical significance : The distinction among results in terms of their possible clinical importance rather than simply in terms of their statistical importance. Wi
A name sometimes given to the type of diagram generally used in meta-analysis, in which point estimates and confidence intervals are displayed for all the studies included in the a
Ask quesoil company is considering whether or not to bid for an offshore drilling contract. If they bid, the value would be $600m with a 65% chance of gaining the contract. The com
The Null Hypothesis - H0: β 1 = 0 i.e. there is homoscedasticity errors and no heteroscedasticity exists The Alternative Hypothesis - H1: β 1 ≠ 0 i.e. there is no homoscedasti
Inliers is the term used for the observations most likely to be subject to error in situations where the dichotomy is developed by making a ‘cut’ on an ordered scale, and where th
Continuous variable : The measurement which is not restricted to the particular values except in so far as this is constrained by the accuracy of measuring instrument. General exam
Artificial neural network : A mathematical arrangement modelled on the human neural network and designed to attack various statistical problems, particularly in the region of patte
a psychic claims to be able to "feel colors" there are three pieces of colored paper(red, blue,green) he will place his hand on radomly selected pieces while blindfolded. you perfo
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