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What is the use of integrity constraints? Integrity constraints make sure that changes made to the database by authorized users do not result in a loss of data consistency. The
CREATE TABLE prodtrans ( pno number (4) ptype char (1) CHECK (ptype in ('I','R','S')), qty number (5) FOREIGN KEY pno REFERENCES product (pno) ON DELETE CASCADE);
Whta is the advantage of the database management approach? The advantage of the database management approach is data is integrated and can be accessed by multiple programs.
In tuple relational calculus P1 → P2 is equivalent to ? A In tuple relational calculus P1→ P2 is equivalent to ¬P1 V P2. (The logical implication expression A B, meaning
What is abstraction? Abstraction in the object orientation is a idea that provide opportunity to express necessary properties of object without providing much details of the im
Define Thomas write rule Thomas' write rule: The Thomas' write rule is a modification of timestamp-ordering protocol for concurrency control. Assume that transaction T i issue
Consider the relations described below: PHYSICIAN (regno, name, telno, city) PATIENT (pname, street, city) VISIT (pname, regno, date_of_visit, fee) Where the regno and pname ide
Q. Describe how an ER schema can be represented by relation schemas and constraints arising from ER design can be mapped to constraints on a relation schema. The entity rela
Explain pipelining. Ans: In order to describe pipelining in simple terms, think of it as breaking down processor functions into smaller and smaller parts. For instance,
For every n-ary relationship type R where n>2, we make a new table S to represent R. We contain as foreign key attributes in s the primary keys of the relations that show the parti
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