Cow-pox (vaccinia), Biology

Assignment Help:

Epidemiology: This infection, although mostly occurring in cows, sometimes also occurs in buffaloes. Under natural conditions, the infection takes place through inoculation by the cutaneous route and readily spreads from one animal to another through the agency of milkers.The occurrence of cow-pox is frequently associated with the incidence of small- pox in human beings. Instances are on record in which cow-pox in all stages has been transmitted through the milkers. The reservoir host of cow pox virus is rodents. The cowpox infection in domestic cats often causes more severe disease than cattle or humans. In cheetahs pneumonia is common and is accompanied with a high mortality rate.


Symptoms: After an incubation period of 2 to 5 days, there is some rise in body temperature. The animal develops pin-point red spots and papules of the size of mustard or sago which can be felt by hand. Later, these papules coalesce into vesicles. Papules occurring on the udder are generally circular, but those on the teats are elongated. The lesions heal in the course of 15 to 20 days and the udder and the teats regain their normal appearance. In males, the disease is very often unnoticed, because the lesions, beings on the scrotum and inside of the thighs, are often covered with dirt and consequently hidden from view.


Diagnosis:
Diagnosis is based on the lesions, virus isolation in cell- cultures and chick embryos and electron microscopy of skin scrapings.Treatment, prevention and control: The lesions heal by themselves in the normal course and the adoption of special measures is not called for; only the usual rules of hygiene need to be observed. The lesions should be cleaned with a 1:1,000 solution of potassium permanganate followed by the application of an antiseptic ointment such as 1:10 boric acid. The affected animals should be isolated and milked by separate attendants. Milk from affected animals should be boiled before use. If the disease assumes serious proportions, vaccination may be undertaken by scarification in the perineum with calf lymph or with material collected from lesions from the affected animal.


Related Discussions:- Cow-pox (vaccinia)

Explain management of ledge - non-surgical endodontic, Explain Management o...

Explain Management of Ledge - Non-Surgical Endodontic Retreatment Place a bend of approximately 45 degree in the apical 1-2 mm of a #15 to 25 file. By gentle reciproca

Ventricular arrhythmias-peri operative problems, Ventricular Arrhythmias : ...

Ventricular Arrhythmias :  These include premature ventricular contractions (PVC), ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VT). At times they may be respon

State the concept of type locus interaction, State the concept of type locu...

State the concept of type locus interaction Some of the major contributions included the concept of type locus interaction, the analysis of quantitative as opposed to qualitati

What is a cytoskeleton, What is a cytoskeleton? What are its main constitue...

What is a cytoskeleton? What are its main constituents in animal cells? Cytoskeleton is the cytoplasmic structure that handles the cell, keeps its shape and fixates and moves t

Explain protein stabilized food emulsions, Protein Stabilized Food Emulsion...

Protein Stabilized Food Emulsions Many food products are emulsions (eg. milk cream, ice creams, cream, butter etc.) and protein constituents often play a major role in the stab

Agama lizard, excretory system in agama lizard

excretory system in agama lizard

Relate the oxide layer and biocompatibility of titanium, Q. Relate the oxid...

Q. Relate the oxide layer and biocompatibility of titanium? The compatibility of a metal with its host environment depends on its resistance to biodegradation and on the degree

Define Listeriosis monocytogenes, Define Listeriosis monocytogenes L. ...

Define Listeriosis monocytogenes L. monocytogenes can grow over the temperature range of about 1 0 to 45 0 C and the pH range 4.1 to around 9.6, it maybe expected to survive

Define the roller drying (drum drying) method, Define the Roller Drying (Dr...

Define the Roller Drying (Drum drying) Method? One of the important techniques for drying liquid food products is the roller drier. Like spray drying, roller drying can only be

Defence mechanisms of the host, Defence mechanisms of the host The hea...

Defence mechanisms of the host The healthy animal is protected from pathogenic organisms present in the environment by virtue of the effective immune mechanism present from bi

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd