Cow-pox (vaccinia), Biology

Assignment Help:

Epidemiology: This infection, although mostly occurring in cows, sometimes also occurs in buffaloes. Under natural conditions, the infection takes place through inoculation by the cutaneous route and readily spreads from one animal to another through the agency of milkers.The occurrence of cow-pox is frequently associated with the incidence of small- pox in human beings. Instances are on record in which cow-pox in all stages has been transmitted through the milkers. The reservoir host of cow pox virus is rodents. The cowpox infection in domestic cats often causes more severe disease than cattle or humans. In cheetahs pneumonia is common and is accompanied with a high mortality rate.


Symptoms: After an incubation period of 2 to 5 days, there is some rise in body temperature. The animal develops pin-point red spots and papules of the size of mustard or sago which can be felt by hand. Later, these papules coalesce into vesicles. Papules occurring on the udder are generally circular, but those on the teats are elongated. The lesions heal in the course of 15 to 20 days and the udder and the teats regain their normal appearance. In males, the disease is very often unnoticed, because the lesions, beings on the scrotum and inside of the thighs, are often covered with dirt and consequently hidden from view.


Diagnosis:
Diagnosis is based on the lesions, virus isolation in cell- cultures and chick embryos and electron microscopy of skin scrapings.Treatment, prevention and control: The lesions heal by themselves in the normal course and the adoption of special measures is not called for; only the usual rules of hygiene need to be observed. The lesions should be cleaned with a 1:1,000 solution of potassium permanganate followed by the application of an antiseptic ointment such as 1:10 boric acid. The affected animals should be isolated and milked by separate attendants. Milk from affected animals should be boiled before use. If the disease assumes serious proportions, vaccination may be undertaken by scarification in the perineum with calf lymph or with material collected from lesions from the affected animal.


Related Discussions:- Cow-pox (vaccinia)

State the internal chromosomal segments, Which of the following best explai...

Which of the following best explains the reason why DNA ligase is needed to complete the replication of internal chromosomal segments? A. DNA ligase is able to delete the last

Heavy metals require for the normal finctioning of our body, Q. Heavy Metal...

Q. Heavy Metals require for the normal finctioning of our body? Like the foods we consume, our bodies also contain many metallic elements. Most of these metals are actually r

How successful are you at synthesizing genes, How successful are you at syn...

How successful are you at synthesizing genes with really high G/C content? A: We have an extremely low failure rate, which is about one out of five thousand or ten thousand gen

Precautions for morphological characteristics of yeast cells, Precautions f...

Precautions for Morphological Characteristics of Yeast Cells? 1. Observe aseptic conditions. 2. Use only a small sample for staining. 3. No air bubbles should be in the s

What do you mean by advanced characters, What do you mean by Advanced chara...

What do you mean by Advanced characters The traits, or characteristics, that an animal has that are not ancestral to the taxon. They appear later in the evolutionary history of

Define hexokinase, Hexokinase, that catalyzes the first irreversible step o...

Hexokinase, that catalyzes the first irreversible step of glycolysis, is inhibited by glucose 6-phosphate.   Thus  when  PFK  is  inhibited and  fructose  6-phosphate builds  up an

Influence of lv function, Influence of LV Function :  LV functions, whethe...

Influence of LV Function :  LV functions, whether normal or impaired is important while selecting a patient for CABG and for long-term results of surgical revascularisation. If le

What is microtubules, What is Microtubules? Microtubules are the largest...

What is Microtubules? Microtubules are the largest intracellular fibers, with a diameter of about 25 nm (2.5 x 10-8 meters). They consist of hollow fibers composed of a protein

Integumentary system - various glands, OTHE R GLANDS - (i) Mammary gl...

OTHE R GLANDS - (i) Mammary glands - Study of mammary gland is mastology. Modified sweat gland. 4-5 pairs in rabbit. 1 pair in human. In opposum 25 pairs (max.).

Reproduction, REPRODUCTIO N - It is not only production of new ones...

REPRODUCTIO N - It is not only production of new ones to increases its number but a means for the survival of a population on earth. Main aim is "survival and continuati

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd