Concept and phases of trade cycle , Managerial Economics

Assignment Help:

CONCEPT AND PHASES OF TRADE CYCLE

Broadly speaking, the trade or business cycles are those fluctuations which recur in economic activity with a certain degree of regularity following a pendulum like oscillations. According to Wesley Clair Mitchell, who did a pioneering work in this field business cycles are a type of fluctuations found in the aggregate economic activity of nations that organise their work mainly in business enterprises. A cycle consists of expansions occurring at about the same time in many economic activities followed by similarly general recessions, contractions and revivals which merge with the expansion phase of the next cycle, this sequence of change is recurrent but not periodic. This definition reveals that business cycles are fluctuations in the aggregate economic activity and therefore are concerned with the economy as a whole. Apart from this business cycles are confined to only those fluctuations which recur with regularity. Keynes has described the concept and characteristics of trade cycle in the following words.

By a cyclical movement we mean that as system progresses in e.g. the upward direction, the forces propelling it upwards at first gather force and have a cumulative effect on one another but gradually lose their strength until at a certain point they tend to be replaced by forces operating in the opposite direction, which in turn gather force for a time and accentuate one another, until they too having reached their maximum development, wane and give place to their opposite. We do not however, merely mean by a cyclical movement that upward and downward tendencies, once started ,do not persist for ever in the same direction but are ultimately reversed. We mean also that there is some recognisable degree of regularity in the time sequence and duration of the upward and downward movements.

There is, however another characteristic of what we call the Trade Cycle which our explanation must cover if it is to be adequate namely, the phenomenon of the crisis the fact that the substitution of a downward for an upward tendency takes place suddenly and violently, whereas there is, as a rule, no such sharp turning point when an upward is substituted for a downward tendency.


Related Discussions:- Concept and phases of trade cycle

Central bank functions-bank of central clearance, Bank of Central Clearance...

Bank of Central Clearance ,Settlement and Transfer This function was first developed by the bank of England toward the middle of the nineteenth century. In 1954, a scheme was

Arbitrage portfolio exist, Consider an economy with three assets and three ...

Consider an economy with three assets and three states. Let be the matrix of asset payoffs at t=1 and p the vector of asset prices at t=0. Assume p 3 =2.  a) Does an ar

Explain systematic failures of government, Question 1: (a) How do econ...

Question 1: (a) How do economists go about studying the economics of the public sector? Describe the four stages of analysis. (b) What are the main reasons explaining syst

Demerits of direct taxes, Demerits of direct taxes a. Heavy direct tax...

Demerits of direct taxes a. Heavy direct taxation, especially when closely linked to current earnings, can act as a serious check to productivity by encouraging absenteeism

Equilibrium in a single market model, Equilibrium in a single market model ...

Equilibrium in a single market model A single market model has three variables: the quantity demanded of the commodity (Q d ), the quantity supplied of the commodity (Q s ) an

Profit maximization, arguments in favour of traditional theory of profit ma...

arguments in favour of traditional theory of profit maximization

Menu costs, Menu Costs   Why do firms not change their prices very  fre...

Menu Costs   Why do firms not change their prices very  frequently? Obviously, the costs of changing prices at  frequent intervals and in small amounts must be more  than the b

The demand curve, The demand curve Suppose that starting from a condit...

The demand curve Suppose that starting from a condition of equilibrium, the price of X falls relative to Y.  We now have a condition where the utility from the last shilling s

#, Illustrate the application of economic theory to some business problems

Illustrate the application of economic theory to some business problems

Health care economics, prepare a break-even analysis to determine volume re...

prepare a break-even analysis to determine volume required to cover costs with and without a specified profit target and price.

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd