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We saw earlier that LT is not closed under concatenation. If we think in terms of the LT graphs, recognizing the concatenation of LT languages would seem to require knowing, while scanning a string in L1 . L2, for instance, when to switch from keeping track of factors for L1 to keeping track of factors from L2.
Assuming that the alphabets were not disjoint, there is (evidently, since LT is not closed under concatenation) no way, in general, to know that. For the recognizable languages, on the other hand, we have the convenience of being able to work with non-determinism. We don't actually have to know when to switch from one automaton to the next. Whenever we get to a point in the string that could possibly be the end of the pre?x that is in L1 we can just allow for a non-deterministic choice of whether to continue scanning for A1 (the machine recognizing L1) or to switch to scanning for A2. Since whenever the string is in L1 . L2 there will be some correct place to switch and since acceptance by a NFA requires only that there some accepting computation, the combined automaton will accept every string in L1 . L2. Moreover, the combined automaton will accept a string iff there is some point at which it can be split into a string accepted by A1 followed by one accepted by A2: it accepts all and only the strings in L1 . L2.
The Myhill-Nerode Theorem provided us with an algorithm for minimizing DFAs. Moreover, the DFA the algorithm produces is unique up to isomorphism: every minimal DFA that recognizes
Let L1 and L2 be CGF. We show that L1 ∩ L2 is CFG too. Let M1 be a decider for L1 and M2 be a decider for L2 . Consider a 2-tape TM M: "On input x: 1. copy x on the sec
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Theorem The class of ?nite languages is a proper subclass of SL. Note that the class of ?nite languages is closed under union and concatenation but SL is not closed under either. N
Another way of representing a strictly 2-local automaton is with a Myhill graph. These are directed graphs in which the vertices are labeled with symbols from the input alphabet of
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Computer has a single unbounded precision counter which you can only increment, decrement and test for zero. (You may assume that it is initially zero or you may include an explici
Theorem The class of recognizable languages is closed under Boolean operations. The construction of the proof of Lemma 3 gives us a DFA that keeps track of whether or not a give
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