Compute the operating cycle, Managerial Accounting

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Under this method, approximation is made of payments and cash receipts in the ensuring period. The dissimilarity of these payments and receipts indicates deficiency or surplus of cash. The management formulates plans to procure the amount of deficit. This method, in a way, is a form of cash budget.

Illustration: Compute the operating cycle and the working capital requirements from the subsequent figures:

 

Balance as at

Balance as at

 

1st January

31st December

 

Rs.

Rs.

Raw Material

80,000

1,20,000

Work-in-Progress

20,000

60,000

Finished goods

60,000

20,000

Sundry Debtors

40,000

40,000

Wages and Manufacturing Expenses

-

2,00,000

Distribution and Other Expenses

-

40,000

Purchases of Materials

-

4,00,000

Total Sales

-

10,00,000

 

(i)  The Company acquires a credit for 60 days from its suppliers.

(ii)  All goods were sold for credit.

Solution:

Computation of Operating Cycle

(i)                 Material Storage Period:

=   Average Stock of Raw Materials/Daily Average Consumption

= ((Rs.80,000 + 1,20,000) / 2)/(Rs.3,60,000 / 365)

= Rs.1,00,000/ Rs.986.3

= 101.38 days

Material Consumed = Opening Stock + Purchases - Closing Stock

= Rs. 80,000 + 4,00,000-1,20,000

= Rs. 3,60,000

(ii) Conversion or Processing Period

= Average Stock of Work - in - progress/Daily Average Factory Cost

=  ((Rs.20,000 + 60,000) / 2)/( Rs.5,20,000 / 365)

=  (Rs.40,000) / (Rs.1,424.65)

= 28.07days

Factory Cost:                                                    Rs.

Opening Work-Progress                                20,000

Material Consumed (as above)                    3,60,000

Wages and Mfg. Expenses                            2,00,000

          5,80,000

Less: Closing Work-in-Progress                   60,000

5,20,000

(iii) Finished Goods Storage Period

= Average Stock of Finished Good/Daily Average Cost of Goods Sold

=   ((Rs.60,000 +20,000) / 2)/(Rs.5,60,000 / 365)

=  (Rs.40,000)/ Rs.1,534.25

= 26.07days

Cost of Goods sold                                                          Rs.

Opening Stock of Finished Goods

60,000

Factory Cost (as above)

5,20,200

 

5,80,000

Less: Closing Stock of Finished Goods

20,000

 

5,60,000

(iii)    Debtors Collection period

=   Average Debtors/Daily Average Sales

=   ((Rs.40,000 + 40,000) / 2)/(Rs.10,00,000 / 365)

=   (Rs.40,000) / Rs. 2,739.7

 = 14.6 days


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