Components of GIS:

1.  Software: GIS software gives the functions and tools required to store, analyze, and show geographical information. The key software elements are:

• Tools for the input and manipulation of geographical information,
• A database management system (DBMS),
• Tools that support geographical query, analysis, and visualization, and
• A graphical user interface (GUI) for simple access to tools.

2.  Data is possibly the most significant component of a GIS. Geographical data and related tabular data could be collected in-house or purchased from a commercial data provider.

3.  People: GIS technology is limited without the people who manage the system and develop plans for applying it to real-world problems. It users range from technical specialists who design and managed the system to those who use it to help them perform their everyday work