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CONTROL PROGRAMS
Control Programs are those programs which control & maintain the operation of computer. They provide basic facilities. Control program are further divided into further two categories
i). Initial program loader (IPL): it is essential part of an operating system. It is located permanently in the memory, which is called rom. It is also called resident routine. The basic purpose of IPL is to load other operating system program from secondary memory into the ram. Example:- when Computer is turned ON, then electronic chip is automatically activated & IPL read the boot sector routine (BSR), reside in the primary memory.
ii). supervisors programs: - A supervisory program or supervisor is a computer program, usually part of an operating system, which controls the execution of other routines. It regulates work scheduling, input/output operations, error actions, and similar functions and regulates the flow of work in a data processing system. In case of DOS the command.com is considered as supervisor and once loaded, it will remain all the time in memory while the computer is running.
iii) Job Controller: it is and important element of timesharing system. It recognizes job priorities and provides necessary steps to go from one program to the next. Example SJF (shortest job first)
What is page fault and what are the steps taken by the OS to remove page fault? A page fault is caused while a page that hasn't been brought into memory is being addressed. The
What is a Dispatcher? The dispatcher is the module that gives control of the CPU to the process selected by the short- term scheduler. This function includes: Switching
Q. What resources are utilized when a thread is created? How do they vary from those used when a process is created? Answer: For the reason that a thread is smaller than a pr
List the four steps that are essential to run a program on a completely dedicated machine. a. Reserve machine time. b. Manually load program into memory. c. Load starting
Device Drivers Communicates straight with peripheral devices (disks, tapes, etc.). Responsible for begin physical I/O operations on the device. Pro
Second-Chance algorithm When a page has been selected, we inspect its reference bit. If the value is 0, we proceed to replace this page. If the reference bit is set to 1, thoug
VARIABLE PARTITIONING We can differ the partitions and change the location according to the size of the process. Here if a 10k process enters we are able to make a space of
Q. More than one disk drive is able to be attached to a SCSI bus. Especially a fast wide SCSI-II bus can be connected to at most 15 disk drives. Remember that this bus has a bandw
1. How is reliability enhanced with the microkernel approach to system design? 2. In a virtual machine design where guest operating systems are independent virtual machines sup
explain how response time are reduced by allowing time sharing on top of multiprogramming
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