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CONTROL PROGRAMS
Control Programs are those programs which control & maintain the operation of computer. They provide basic facilities. Control program are further divided into further two categories
i). Initial program loader (IPL): it is essential part of an operating system. It is located permanently in the memory, which is called rom. It is also called resident routine. The basic purpose of IPL is to load other operating system program from secondary memory into the ram. Example:- when Computer is turned ON, then electronic chip is automatically activated & IPL read the boot sector routine (BSR), reside in the primary memory.
ii). supervisors programs: - A supervisory program or supervisor is a computer program, usually part of an operating system, which controls the execution of other routines. It regulates work scheduling, input/output operations, error actions, and similar functions and regulates the flow of work in a data processing system. In case of DOS the command.com is considered as supervisor and once loaded, it will remain all the time in memory while the computer is running.
iii) Job Controller: it is and important element of timesharing system. It recognizes job priorities and provides necessary steps to go from one program to the next. Example SJF (shortest job first)
What is a buddy system? We are dividing the memory as powers of two therefore the division will be 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256...i.e. in powers of 2 as well as we are selecti
Facilities of a Debug Monitor Facilities of a debug monitor are like this: Setting breakpoints in the program Initiating a debug conversation while control reaches
Explain Load Balancing Client Server Components When migration functionality from the client - only model to the client - server model, care must be taken not over-or underutil
We have stressed the need for an operating system to make efficient use of the computing hardware. When is it appropriate for the operating system to forsake this principle and to
Explain Structure The Grammar for programming language is a formal description of Structure
Define Maintaining Data on a Per Client Basis Perhaps the most dramatic syntactical programming change for the application developer of client – server applications is maintain
Indexed allocation Indexed allocation bringing all the pointers together into one location: the index block. Every file has its own index block, which is an array of disk-block
Define ‘LRU’ page replacement policy LRU is Least Recently Used page replacement policy.
Define Page stealing Page stealing is taking page frames another working sets
Define the TlsFree(TLSIndex) Function This function should be called to free a TLSindex allocated by TlsAlloc. It would be executed when there are no more threads in a process
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