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Question:
(a) List four disadvantages of the File Processing System as compared to the Database Systems.
(b) The integrity of a database is enforced by integrity rules. One of these rules, the referential integrity rules, states that the database must not contain any unmatched foreign key values.
(i) Discuss what should happen on an attempt to delete the target of a foreign key reference?
(ii) Discuss what should happen on an attempt to update the primary key of the target of a foreign key reference?
Your discussion should describe the three possible techniques which can be used to deal with the problem, and provide one example for each technique.
(c) List and describe briefly the nine components of a typical database environment.
(d) Explain the difference between external, internal and conceptual schemas. How are these different schema layers related to the concept of logical and physical data independence?
what do you mean by consistency in rdbms?
Fifth Normal Form (5NF) These relations still have a difficulty. While defining the 4NF we mentioned that all the attributes depend upon each other. Whereas creating the two ta
What are called multilevel indices? Indices with two or more levels are known as multilevel indices.
Relations create the database. They must satisfy various properties, like no duplicate tuples, no ordering of tuples, and atomic attributes, etc. Relations that satisfy these basic
Which component is not included in database environment ? A users component is not included in database environment.
What is called a query evaluation plan? A sequence of primitive operations that can be used to assess a query is a query evaluation plan or a query implementation plan.
Consider an information system designed for an online company which provides IT products and services These include desktops, laptops, networking products, IT books, parts, and
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What are wait-for-graphs?Give the algorithm to construct a wait-for-graph from a given schedule of transactions? How can deadlocks be detected from wait-for-graphs? Ans: The
Atomicity : Either all functions are laid out or none are. Users could not have to think about the effect of incomplete operations. DBMS ensures this by undoing the functions
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