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2. Assume that the river has been selected as the source of raw water for the 2.0mgd demand.
a. Surface water has low alkalinity, high turbidity. The distribution system is cast iron pipe. What's the concern with using alum (Al2(SO4)3) as the coagulant. What other chemical could be used?
b. A slow sand filter will follow the coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation. The organic content in the raw water supports a biofilm on the filter surface. How might this reduce the disinfectant dosage? What text Figure shows this?
c. The 4' thick filters run q=500 gpd/ft2. Find the total area of filter surface required to treat the 2.0 mgd. Also compute the hydraulic residence time in the filter.
d. The filtered water still has traces of ammonia and dissolved organics. Calcium hypochlorite Ca(OCl)2 is used for disinfection. What's the advantage, what's the potential problem with using the hypochlorite rather than using ultraviolet (UV)?
At a sudden enlargement of a water main from 240 mm to 480 mm diameter, the hydraulic gradient rises by 10 mm. Estimate the rate of flow.
3. A string of length l is fastened to two point A and B at the same level at a distance ‘a’ apart. A ring of weight W can slide on the string and a horizontal force P is applied s
write the conservation of mass for steady flow throught a streamtube with asingal one dimensional inlet 1and exit 2
what is dry ness fraction?
Changes in Mechanical Properties along with Tempering: Tempering enhances the toughness and ductility of quenched steel though decreases hardness. Following figure demonstrate
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