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Tlie phylum Cnidaria or Coelenterata, includes the faliiiliar hydras, jelly fishes, sea anemones and corals. You have olreacly studied about Cnidarialis in Units 4 and 7 of LSE-09 course. These are often brilliantly colourcd. They exhibit radial symnietry, The Cnidarians possess two basic metazoall structural features. Onc, there is an intenla1 space for digestion, called in Cnidarinns as gastrovascular cavity. This cavity lies along the polar axis of the animal atid opens to tlie outside at one end to for111 noutli, Tlie presence of a mouth a~id digestive cavity permits the use of a mucll greater rnlige of food sizes than is possible in tlie protozoarls and sponges. Two, in Clidariails a circle of tentacles, representing exte~lsiolls of the body wall, surrounds tlie ~lioiltli to aid in tlie capture and ingestion of food. Tlie Cnidarian body wall consists of three basic layers: an outer lnycr of cpidennis, nn inner layer of elidoder~nal cells lining Ilie gastrovnscilar cavity, and between these two a layer called mesoglea. The rnesoglea ranges from n tliin, non cellilar membranc to a thick, fibrous, jelly-like, coid lnaterial with or without wanderillg a~noebocytes, A considerable number of different cell types compose tlie epidermis and gastrader~nis, but there is only a limited degree of organ development.
Why is the uricotelic excretion essential for avian and reptile embryos? In reptiles and birds the excretory system is uricotelic as uric acid is insoluble, less toxic and sui
Mouth Inspect and palpate the lips, gums, tongue, palate and oropharynx. Rule out cleft lip and palate, size of chin if small and receding it shows micrognathia ind
Explain function of lymph nodes? Lymph nodes have white blood cells which ingest bacteria and prevent them from reaching the circulation.
Illustrate the term Cilia? A cellular hairlike locomotory structure which comprises an extension of the plasma membrane surrounding a 9+2 organization of microtubules. Unlike f
What do you mean by Acute Pericarditis? Ans. Acute pericarditis is defined as acute inflammation of the pericardium and is clinically characterized by chest pain, fever, t
Actions of Gastrointestinal hormones Secretin is released under acidic conditions (low pH); digested fat or bile initiates production of pancreatic juice low in enzymes but ri
Q. How is the extracorporeal digestion associated to predation in arachnids? Arachnids can inoculate poison to kill or paralyze their preys using structures called chelicerae.
Explain about the Hypokalemia? Normal serum K ranges from 3.5-5 mM/L. Hypokalemia or low plasma K levels can occur with a net shift of K from the plasma to the cells. This shi
Explain prevention of endocarditis Many physicians believe that antimicrobial prophylaxis before process that may cause transient bacteremia can stop endocarditis and prostheti
Q. Can the heat capacity of water be considered small or large? What is the biological consequence of that characteristic? From Thermology it is acknowledged that the quantity
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