Clinical trials, Advanced Statistics

Assignment Help:

Clinical trials: Medical experiments designed to assess which of two or more treatments is much more effective. It is based on one of the oldest philosophy of the scienti?c research, namely that the new information is attained from the comparison of the alternative states. The three main components of a clinical trial are given below:

* Comparison of the group or set of patients given the treatment under the investigation with another group or set of the patients given either an older or the standard treatment, in one exists, or an 'inert treatment' commonly known as the placebo (or the control group).

Some trials might include more than two groups.

* A way of assigning patients to the treatment and control groups or sets.

* A measure of the outcome, that is a response variable.

One of the most significant aspects of the clinical trial is the question of how the patients should be allocated to the treatment and the control group. The objective in the allocation is that the treatment group and control group should be similar in all respects except treatment taken. As a result the clinical trial is more likely to give an unbiased estimate of the difference between the two treatments. The most suitable (perhaps only suitable) method of the allocation is randomization leading to randomized clinical trials, the gold standard for the treatment assessment.

 


Related Discussions:- Clinical trials

Factorial designs, Designs which permits two or more questions to be addres...

Designs which permits two or more questions to be addressed in the investigation. The easiest factorial design is one in which each of the two treatments or interventions are p

Cochrane collaboration, Cochrane collaboration : An international network o...

Cochrane collaboration : An international network of the individuals committed to preparing , maintaining and disseminating the systematic reviews of the effects of the health care

Tree, Tree is the term from the branch of the mathematics which known as t...

Tree is the term from the branch of the mathematics which known as the graph theory, used to describe any set of the straight-line segments joining the pairs of points in some pro

Confidence interval, Confidence interval : A range of the values, calculate...

Confidence interval : A range of the values, calculated from the sample observations which is believed, with the particular probability, to posses the true parameter value. A 95% c

Falsediscoveryrate (fdr), The approach of controlling the error rate in an ...

The approach of controlling the error rate in an exploratory analysis where number of hypotheses are tested, but where the strict control which is provided by multiple comparison p

Cross over design, The type of longitudinal study in which the subjects rec...

The type of longitudinal study in which the subjects receive different treatments on the various occasions. Random allocation is required to determine the order in which the treatm

Empirical likelihood, An approach of using the likelihood as the basis of e...

An approach of using the likelihood as the basis of estimation without the requirement to specify a parametric family for data. Empirical likelihood can be viewed as the example of

Expected frequencies, A term commonly encountered in the analysis of the co...

A term commonly encountered in the analysis of the contingency tables. Such type of frequencies are the estimates of the values to be expected under hypothesis of interest. In a tw

Correspondence analysis, The method or technique for displaying the relatio...

The method or technique for displaying the relationships between categorical variables in a type of the scatter plot diagram. For two this type of variables displayed in the form o

Response feature analysis, Response feature analysis is the approach to th...

Response feature analysis is the approach to the analysis of longitudinal data including the calculation of the suitable summary measures from the set of repeated measures on each

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd