Clinical presentation - heart failure, Biology

Assignment Help:

There is a wide spectrum of potential clinical presentations with heart failure. Most patients have signs and symptoms of pulmonary congestion including dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.

Symptoms

Dyspnoea

Breathlessness or dyspnoea is a cardinal symptom of left ventricular failure and the patient may present with exertional dyspnoea or orthopnoea or paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea or acute pulmonary edema.  

Exertional Dyspnoea

Degree of physical activity goes on decreasing as the heart failure progresses. Orthopnoea is dyspnoea that develops in recumbent position and is relieved by sitting up. It develops within few minutes of assuming recumbency and occurs when the patient is awake. Decreased pooling of fluid in the lower limbs and shift of fluid to the intrathoracic compartment resulting in increased preload causes orthopnoea.

Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnoea

 Here the patient, after going to sleep for sometime, suddenly gets up with dyspnoea and suffocation and sits upright gasping for breath. Bronchospasm may be present and hence is often referred to as cardiac asthma. With patient asleep at night, the increased resorption of fluid into the vascular space, increased intrathoracic volume, elevation of diaphragms due to recumbency, reduced sympathetic support during night and nocturnal depression of respiratory center during night are the factors operative producing paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea.


Related Discussions:- Clinical presentation - heart failure

Define regulation of intracellular ca concentration, Define Regulation of i...

Define Regulation of intracellular Ca concentration? The cytoplasmic calcium concentration is regulated by a series of calcium pumps, which either concentrate calcium ions with

Growth rate in animals, GROWTH RATE IN ANIMALS - Growth rate is differe...

GROWTH RATE IN ANIMALS - Growth rate is different at different periods of life. Growth period in human may be studied in 5 steps - (i) Prenatal - In gestation period fo

Neurochemistry of consciousness, Conscious experience is probably the most ...

Conscious experience is probably the most familiar mental process that we know, yet its workings remain mysterious. Consciousness is not directly accessible for study. Hence the ne

What are the symptoms associated with campylobacteriosis, What are the symp...

What are the symptoms and foods associated with campylobacteriosis?  Campylobacteriosis incubation period: 2-5 days after ingestion of contaminated food.  Symptoms: Diarrhoe

Ecological pyramids - ecosystem, Ecological Pyramids - Ecosystem The a...

Ecological Pyramids - Ecosystem The ancient Egyptians constructed elaborate tombs called pyramids. The base of the pyramid is broad and it supports the upper levels of the str

What is isoniazid, Isoniazid  Serum aminotransferase activity increases...

Isoniazid  Serum aminotransferase activity increases in 10% to 20% of patients taking isoniazid, especially in the early weeks of treatment, but often returns to normal even wh

Explain the true indications of endodontic surgery, Explain the True indica...

Explain the True indications of Endodontic Surgery 1. Failure of non-surgical endo. Re-treatment "persistent lesion" 2. Failure of initial and retreatment will not achieve b

Endosperm with micropylar haustorium, Endosperm with micropylar Haustorium ...

Endosperm with micropylar Haustorium A very prominent and aggressive micropylar haustorium is seen in Impatiens. Here the division of the primary endosperm nucleus is followed

What is the nitrogen waste in amphibian larvae, Q. What is the nitrogen was...

Q. What is the nitrogen waste in amphibian larvae and in the adult animal? The terrestrial adult excretes urea since amphibian larvae are aquatic they excrete ammonia.

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd