Chronic bronchitis, Biology

Assignment Help:

Chronic Bronchitis

Chronic Bronchitis is defined clinically as hypersecretion of mucus and recurrent episode of productive cough for a period of 3 months per year at least two consecutive years. 

Pathophysiology

First there is glandular hypertrophy. Mucous gland hypertrophy and hyperplasia from chronic irritations cause excessive mucus production. The excessive mucus and impaired ciliary movement associated with chronic bronchitis increase susceptibility to infection. As infection progress, the epithelial cells produce a mucopurulent exudates in the lumen or the disease may progress to ulceration and destruction of the bronchial wall. The peribronchial fibrosis and the presence of granulation tissue result in stenosis and airway obstruction.

Second the bronchial wall tissue changes, mucosal ocdema and excessive mucus production, all increase airway resistance in persons with chronic bronchitis. Excess mucus may also cause bronchospasm. 

Third the pathophysiologic changes may impair the ability of lungs to exchange 0, and CO, leading to ventilation-perfusion mismatching at the alveolar-capillary membrane. Obstructed airways may lead to atelectasis which further diminishes the surface are a available for respiration. Fourth the right ventricular decompensation or corpulmonale may result.


Related Discussions:- Chronic bronchitis

Explain the techniques of cardian examination, Explain the Techniques of ca...

Explain the Techniques of cardian examination? Examiner should use the fingertips or the part just proximal to them for palpation. The chest should be completely exposed and el

Determine the structure of enzymes, Determine the Structure of Enzymes ...

Determine the Structure of Enzymes Since all enzymes are proteins, you will realize that knowledge of protein structure is clearly a pre-requisite to any understanding of enzym

Chronic renal failure , Chronic Renal Failure (CFW) Chronic renal fai...

Chronic Renal Failure (CFW) Chronic renal failure begins when the diseased kidney can no longer maintain the normal chemical structure of body fluids under normal conditio

Cephalisation - metazoa, Cephalisation - Metazoa Bilateral animals whe...

Cephalisation - Metazoa Bilateral animals when creeping or swimming, have a tendency to keep the same end of the body forward and the same surface down towards the substratum.

Explain theory of evolution through natural selection, Explain Theory of Ev...

Explain Theory of Evolution through Natural Selection The third theory of evolution through natural selection was put forward jointly by Darwin, and Wallace in 1859. This theor

Define activation of the antagonist during movement, Explain the relationsh...

Explain the relationship between an agonist muscle and its antagonist as it relates to positional control, functional movement and neuromuscular activation. For example, how the tw

Automated dna sequencing, Automated DNA sequencing is now common place whic...

Automated DNA sequencing is now common place which is based on the chain termination method but using a fluorescent dye attached to an oligonucleotide primer instead of using radio

Explain the reduction in free radical generation - vitamin e, Explain the R...

Explain the Reduction in free radical generation - Vitamin E? 1) Reduction in free radical generation: Vitamin E acts synergistically with selenium thereby reducing susceptibil

Define interaction of folate with vitamin c, Define Interaction of Folate w...

Define Interaction of Folate with Vitamin C? Vitamin C: Anaemia is observed in vitamin C deficient patients. Normochromic, normocytic or macrocytic or megaloblastic ana

Relate the oxide layer and biocompatibility of titanium, Q. Relate the oxid...

Q. Relate the oxide layer and biocompatibility of titanium? The compatibility of a metal with its host environment depends on its resistance to biodegradation and on the degree

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd