Chronic bronchitis, Biology

Assignment Help:

Chronic Bronchitis

Chronic Bronchitis is defined clinically as hypersecretion of mucus and recurrent episode of productive cough for a period of 3 months per year at least two consecutive years. 

Pathophysiology

First there is glandular hypertrophy. Mucous gland hypertrophy and hyperplasia from chronic irritations cause excessive mucus production. The excessive mucus and impaired ciliary movement associated with chronic bronchitis increase susceptibility to infection. As infection progress, the epithelial cells produce a mucopurulent exudates in the lumen or the disease may progress to ulceration and destruction of the bronchial wall. The peribronchial fibrosis and the presence of granulation tissue result in stenosis and airway obstruction.

Second the bronchial wall tissue changes, mucosal ocdema and excessive mucus production, all increase airway resistance in persons with chronic bronchitis. Excess mucus may also cause bronchospasm. 

Third the pathophysiologic changes may impair the ability of lungs to exchange 0, and CO, leading to ventilation-perfusion mismatching at the alveolar-capillary membrane. Obstructed airways may lead to atelectasis which further diminishes the surface are a available for respiration. Fourth the right ventricular decompensation or corpulmonale may result.


Related Discussions:- Chronic bronchitis

Define nutritional management of celiac disease, Define Nutritional Managem...

Define Nutritional Management of Celiac Disease? A gluten-free diet is the major therapy for celiac disease patients, particularly children, and may be needed for lifelong adhe

What is embryonic origin of the nervous system in vertebrate, How does the ...

How does the embryo turn from gastrula into neurula? How is the neural tube formed? What is the embryonic origin of the nervous system in vertebrates? The neurula stage is divi

Nature and distribution of viruses, Nature and Distribution of Viruses ...

Nature and Distribution of Viruses Although several infectious diseases of animals and plants had been found to be caused by viruses during early 20 th century, the true natur

Determine majority of segregation errors in human patients, Which of the fo...

Which of the following defines why the vast majority of segregation errors in human patients include the two sex chromosomes (XXY, XO, XYY) or chromosome 21 (triple 21)? A. The

Define swollen and tender joints and haemorrhage, Define Swollen and Tender...

Define Swollen and Tender Joints and haemorrhage in various Tissues? Haemorrhages occur deep in muscle, particularly in calf, thigh, buttocks and forearm, causing pain in surro

What is a food allergy (hypersensitivity), What is a Food Allergy (Hypersen...

What is a Food Allergy (Hypersensitivity)? A food allergy or hypersensitivity is an abnormal response to a food by our immune system. As illustrated in Figure, this non-toxic a

Zoonoses disease-monkey pox, Monkey pox Monkey pox is caused by Monkey pox...

Monkey pox Monkey pox is caused by Monkey pox virus, a member of genus Orthopoxvirus. Transmission generally occurs as a result of close contact with infected animals, mostly thro

Assessment of infective endocarditis, Assessment   Infective endocardit...

Assessment   Infective endocarditis  is characterised  by insidious onset of fever, malaise, night- sweats and weight loss. Other signs include vomiting, fatigue, headache, mya

Modern viral diseases, Important Modern viral diseases By  extensive us...

Important Modern viral diseases By  extensive use of vaccination and chemotherapy. Certain  serious viral diseases of the past. Like smallpox. Have been completely or largely e

Active Transport, How does the addition of a watery secretion to the conten...

How does the addition of a watery secretion to the contents of the gut help in the process of digestion?

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd