Chronic bronchitis, Biology

Assignment Help:

Chronic Bronchitis

Chronic Bronchitis is defined clinically as hypersecretion of mucus and recurrent episode of productive cough for a period of 3 months per year at least two consecutive years. 

Pathophysiology

First there is glandular hypertrophy. Mucous gland hypertrophy and hyperplasia from chronic irritations cause excessive mucus production. The excessive mucus and impaired ciliary movement associated with chronic bronchitis increase susceptibility to infection. As infection progress, the epithelial cells produce a mucopurulent exudates in the lumen or the disease may progress to ulceration and destruction of the bronchial wall. The peribronchial fibrosis and the presence of granulation tissue result in stenosis and airway obstruction.

Second the bronchial wall tissue changes, mucosal ocdema and excessive mucus production, all increase airway resistance in persons with chronic bronchitis. Excess mucus may also cause bronchospasm. 

Third the pathophysiologic changes may impair the ability of lungs to exchange 0, and CO, leading to ventilation-perfusion mismatching at the alveolar-capillary membrane. Obstructed airways may lead to atelectasis which further diminishes the surface are a available for respiration. Fourth the right ventricular decompensation or corpulmonale may result.


Related Discussions:- Chronic bronchitis

Monkeey Opsin Evolution, Why does having three color receptors (a.k.a. opsi...

Why does having three color receptors (a.k.a. opsins) lead to a more complex color perception than just two?

Determine major aspects of the mechanism of freeze drying, Determine Major ...

Determine Major Aspects of the Mechanism of Freeze Drying? The major aspects of the mechanism of freeze drying are:  (a) The removal of vapour from the subliming ice front w

Differences among nematodes and annelids, What are the morphological simila...

What are the morphological similarities and differences among nematodes and annelids? Nematodes, like annelids, have a cylindrical elongated body. Annelids differentiate from

General nursing responsibilities in diagnostic procedure, GENERAL NURSING R...

GENERAL NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES IN DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE Let us understand what are the general responsibilities of nursing personnel while assisting in diagnostic procedure

Similarities between cardiac, SIMILARITIE S BETWEEN CARDIAC AND SKELETAL M...

SIMILARITIE S BETWEEN CARDIAC AND SKELETAL MUSCLES - Both cardiac and skeletal muscles are made up of elongated fibres which have numerous myofibrils. The myofibrils of

Embden meyerhof pathway, Anaerobic Oxidation Embden Meyerhof pathway ...

Anaerobic Oxidation Embden Meyerhof pathway The initial  stage of biological oxidiation  includes  a series of nine  main sequential   steps  of reactions  known  as Embd

What is plutonium reprocessing, Q. What is plutonium reprocessing? Why is i...

Q. What is plutonium reprocessing? Why is it a big environmental issue? The Plutonium is the highly radioactive chemical element produced from uranium by nuclear plants. The Pl

What is the essential concepts of endosseous healing, Essential Concepts of...

Essential Concepts of Endosseous healing 1) Osteoblast is the prime bone matrix synthesizing cell. Like most secretory cells, osteoblasts are polarized cells, and the direction

Sp and spp., what is the deference between sp. and spp.?

what is the deference between sp. and spp.?

Augmentation therapy, Augmentation Therapy: The functional gene is intr...

Augmentation Therapy: The functional gene is introduced in addition to the defective gene endogeneous to the cell(s) in this somatic cell gene therapy,  i.e. the improved  cell

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd