Chronic bronchitis, Biology

Assignment Help:

Chronic Bronchitis

Chronic Bronchitis is defined clinically as hypersecretion of mucus and recurrent episode of productive cough for a period of 3 months per year at least two consecutive years. 

Pathophysiology

First there is glandular hypertrophy. Mucous gland hypertrophy and hyperplasia from chronic irritations cause excessive mucus production. The excessive mucus and impaired ciliary movement associated with chronic bronchitis increase susceptibility to infection. As infection progress, the epithelial cells produce a mucopurulent exudates in the lumen or the disease may progress to ulceration and destruction of the bronchial wall. The peribronchial fibrosis and the presence of granulation tissue result in stenosis and airway obstruction.

Second the bronchial wall tissue changes, mucosal ocdema and excessive mucus production, all increase airway resistance in persons with chronic bronchitis. Excess mucus may also cause bronchospasm. 

Third the pathophysiologic changes may impair the ability of lungs to exchange 0, and CO, leading to ventilation-perfusion mismatching at the alveolar-capillary membrane. Obstructed airways may lead to atelectasis which further diminishes the surface are a available for respiration. Fourth the right ventricular decompensation or corpulmonale may result.


Related Discussions:- Chronic bronchitis

Explain about the niacin - water soluble vitamin, Explain about the Niacin ...

Explain about the Niacin - Water Soluble Vitamin? Niacin is chemically synonymous with nicotinic acid although the term is also used for its amide (nicotinamide). Nicotinamide

Define role of nutrients in controlling gene expression, Define Role of Nut...

Define Role of Nutrients in Controlling Gene Expression? The role of several nutrients in controlling gene expression, as mentioned earlier, is in infancy, but with advancing b

Zoonoses disease-glanders, Glanders The disease, also known as equine n...

Glanders The disease, also known as equine nasal phithisis, farcy or malleus, is highly infectious anthropozoonosis and is caused by Burkholderia (earlier Pseudomonas) mallei.

Explain about the fermentation - methods of food processing, Explain about ...

Explain about the Fermentation - methods of food processing? In contrast to other preservation methods, multiplication of microorganisms and their metabolic activities are enco

Explain the identification of fungi and yeasts, Explain the Identification ...

Explain the Identification of Fungi and Yeasts? In this we learnt about different staining techniques used to visualize bacterial cell morphology. What about identification tec

Structures in a vertebrate with a four-chambered heart, Which of the follow...

Which of the following structures in a vertebrate with a four-chambered heart would have blood with the highest oxygen concentration? And why?

What are hexoses, What are hexoses? What are some examples of hexoses with ...

What are hexoses? What are some examples of hexoses with important biological functions? Hexoses are carbohydrates made of six carbons. Glucose, fructose and galactose are inst

Blastulation, Blastulation  Formation of blastula from morula is called...

Blastulation  Formation of blastula from morula is called as blastulation. During early cleavage the blastomere maintain spherical shape and mulberry like, this stage of emb

Explain irradiation, Explain Irradiation The physical process of expos...

Explain Irradiation The physical process of exposing an object, system, or a material to a high radiant energy for the sterilization or preservation.

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd