Chronic bronchitis, Biology

Assignment Help:

Chronic Bronchitis

Chronic Bronchitis is defined clinically as hypersecretion of mucus and recurrent episode of productive cough for a period of 3 months per year at least two consecutive years. 

Pathophysiology

First there is glandular hypertrophy. Mucous gland hypertrophy and hyperplasia from chronic irritations cause excessive mucus production. The excessive mucus and impaired ciliary movement associated with chronic bronchitis increase susceptibility to infection. As infection progress, the epithelial cells produce a mucopurulent exudates in the lumen or the disease may progress to ulceration and destruction of the bronchial wall. The peribronchial fibrosis and the presence of granulation tissue result in stenosis and airway obstruction.

Second the bronchial wall tissue changes, mucosal ocdema and excessive mucus production, all increase airway resistance in persons with chronic bronchitis. Excess mucus may also cause bronchospasm. 

Third the pathophysiologic changes may impair the ability of lungs to exchange 0, and CO, leading to ventilation-perfusion mismatching at the alveolar-capillary membrane. Obstructed airways may lead to atelectasis which further diminishes the surface are a available for respiration. Fourth the right ventricular decompensation or corpulmonale may result.


Related Discussions:- Chronic bronchitis

Concerning the number of hosts how are parasites classified, Q. Concerning ...

Q. Concerning the number of hosts how are parasites classified? The Parasites that require only one host are called as monoxenous parasites. The Parasites that need more than o

Method of cloning dna fragments into plasmids, During our discussion of rep...

During our discussion of replication origins we took a step-by-step look at the method of cloning DNA fragments into plasmids . Based on your knowledge of this discussion which

Find out risk factors for coronary disease, Q. Find out risk factors for co...

Q. Find out risk factors for coronary disease? 1) Tobacco Smoking, the single most preventable cause of death is a leading risk factor for CAD, cerebrovascular accident and

Adaptations, Adaptations Every organism can live and reproduce within a...

Adaptations Every organism can live and reproduce within a certain range of climatic conditions. Organisms that live in hot or cold environments have behavioural and physiologi

Determine the number of gametes, An organism has 16 chromosomes in its soma...

An organism has 16 chromosomes in its somatic cells. Determine the number of gametes with different chromosome compositions that it can potentially create. Explain your answer. Ign

Define aids, Which one of the following statements is correct with respect ...

Which one of the following statements is correct with respect to AIDS? 1. The HIV can be transmitted through eating food together with an infected person 2. Drug addicts are

Enzymes, what is rennin? how does it work? and what is its optimum pH level...

what is rennin? how does it work? and what is its optimum pH level and activity temperature?

What is dry mass?, What is dry mass? When the biomasses are compared of...

What is dry mass? When the biomasses are compared often the concept of dry mass is used. The dry mass is the entire (total) mass less the water mass of an individual. The total

What is plastids, What is Plastids? The most obvious difference between...

What is Plastids? The most obvious difference between plant cells and other eukaryotic cells is that cells of most plants contain unique organelles called plastids, which inclu

State the term - focal seizures, State the term - Focal Seizures A foca...

State the term - Focal Seizures A focal seizure begins in one place and then spreads. As for example in a Jacksonian focal seizure, the attack begins with jerking movements in

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd