Chronic bronchitis, Biology

Assignment Help:

Chronic Bronchitis

Chronic Bronchitis is defined clinically as hypersecretion of mucus and recurrent episode of productive cough for a period of 3 months per year at least two consecutive years. 

Pathophysiology

First there is glandular hypertrophy. Mucous gland hypertrophy and hyperplasia from chronic irritations cause excessive mucus production. The excessive mucus and impaired ciliary movement associated with chronic bronchitis increase susceptibility to infection. As infection progress, the epithelial cells produce a mucopurulent exudates in the lumen or the disease may progress to ulceration and destruction of the bronchial wall. The peribronchial fibrosis and the presence of granulation tissue result in stenosis and airway obstruction.

Second the bronchial wall tissue changes, mucosal ocdema and excessive mucus production, all increase airway resistance in persons with chronic bronchitis. Excess mucus may also cause bronchospasm. 

Third the pathophysiologic changes may impair the ability of lungs to exchange 0, and CO, leading to ventilation-perfusion mismatching at the alveolar-capillary membrane. Obstructed airways may lead to atelectasis which further diminishes the surface are a available for respiration. Fourth the right ventricular decompensation or corpulmonale may result.


Related Discussions:- Chronic bronchitis

What are the dietary guidelines for gastritis, Q. What are the dietary guid...

Q. What are the dietary guidelines for gastritis? Energy: Give adequate calories through frequent feedings or else proteins would be utilized for energy of repair work. P

Explain the economics in nutrition, Explain the Economics in Nutrition? ...

Explain the Economics in Nutrition? We mentioned earlier that nutritional problems affect the productivity of the individual, which, in turn affects the productivity of the nat

Entropy, ENTROP Y - Transfer of energy takes place from high energy...

ENTROP Y - Transfer of energy takes place from high energy level to low energy level. Rudol f clausius gave this term. During it there is collision of particles, r

Show classification of englearn dprantls system, Q. Show Classification of ...

Q. Show Classification of englearn dPrantls system? The outline and basis of classification of englearn d Prantl's system are given below: 1) Plant Kingdom has been divided,

Describe the basic function of erythrocytes, Q. What are the other names by...

Q. What are the other names by which erythrocytes are known? What is the function of these cells? Erythrocytes are also known as red blood cells (RBCs) or red corpuscles Red bl

Which of structures is the nuclear membrane composed, Q. which of structure...

Q. which of structures is the nuclear membrane composed? Eukaryotic cells have nucleus delimited with two juxtaposed membranes that continue with the membrane of the endoplasmi

Morphological nature of endosperm, Morphological Nature of Endosperm ...

Morphological Nature of Endosperm The morphological nature of endosperm in angiosperms has been a subject of much discussion in evolution. The endosperm in gymnosperms is a g

Prevention and community action - psychoactive substance, Prevention and Co...

Prevention and Community Action: A number of  preventive action are necessary. Alcohol prevention programmes can have major effects on alcohol problem rates, and can influence

How dissimilar are walls of these two types of blood vessel, Are the arteri...

Are the arteries or the veins constituted of more muscle tissue? How dissimilar are the walls of these two types of blood vessels? The arterial system has thicker muscle walls

Determine nutritional requirements for high altitude, Determine Nutritional...

Determine Nutritional Requirements for High Altitude? High terrestrial altitudes and mountains have aroused great fascination and cham for mankind. Every year millions of peopl

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd