Chronic bronchitis, Biology

Assignment Help:

Chronic Bronchitis

Chronic Bronchitis is defined clinically as hypersecretion of mucus and recurrent episode of productive cough for a period of 3 months per year at least two consecutive years. 

Pathophysiology

First there is glandular hypertrophy. Mucous gland hypertrophy and hyperplasia from chronic irritations cause excessive mucus production. The excessive mucus and impaired ciliary movement associated with chronic bronchitis increase susceptibility to infection. As infection progress, the epithelial cells produce a mucopurulent exudates in the lumen or the disease may progress to ulceration and destruction of the bronchial wall. The peribronchial fibrosis and the presence of granulation tissue result in stenosis and airway obstruction.

Second the bronchial wall tissue changes, mucosal ocdema and excessive mucus production, all increase airway resistance in persons with chronic bronchitis. Excess mucus may also cause bronchospasm. 

Third the pathophysiologic changes may impair the ability of lungs to exchange 0, and CO, leading to ventilation-perfusion mismatching at the alveolar-capillary membrane. Obstructed airways may lead to atelectasis which further diminishes the surface are a available for respiration. Fourth the right ventricular decompensation or corpulmonale may result.


Related Discussions:- Chronic bronchitis

Cardiac output and its determination, The cardiac output is the volume of b...

The cardiac output is the volume of blood pumped from the heart every minute. It is obtained by the volume pumped with each beat (stroke volume) multiplied by the heart rate. The c

Define the role of addition of acetyl groups to histones, Creb binding prot...

Creb binding protein (CBP) is a histone acetyl transferase (HAT) protein. What role does the  addition of acetyl groups to histones play during development? A. The addition of

Describe procedure for preparation of bacterial smear, Explain Procedure fo...

Explain Procedure for Preparation of Bacterial Smear? Now carry out the exercise using the steps enumerated herewith: 1. Collect swab samples from the suitable sampling site

Define the v2 receptor antagonist, Define the V2 receptor antagonist A ...

Define the V2 receptor antagonist A new drug named ANTI-V2R has been developed that is a V2 receptor antagonist.  When ANTI-V2R binds to a V2 receptor, there is no binding of v

Determine the syndrome of listeriosis, Determine the Syndrome of Listerios...

Determine the Syndrome of Listeriosis Syndrome: Listeriosis in humans is not characterized by a unique set of symptoms since the course of the disease depends upon the state

Define flow phase in physiological response to injury, Define Flow Phase in...

Define Flow Phase in Physiological Response to injury? It is characterized by hyper metabolism, increased cardiac output, increased urinary nitrogen losses, altered glucose met

Define about the centrifuge, Define about the Centrifuge? Centrifuge is...

Define about the Centrifuge? Centrifuge is an apparatus consisting essentially of a compartment spun about a central axis to separate contained materials of different specific

What are the problems that vertebrates required, What are the problems that...

What are the problems that vertebrates required to solve to adapt to the terrestrial environment as they came from the aquatic habitat? How evolution does solve those problems?

Disaster management cycle and it''s components, Disaster management is aime...

Disaster management is aimed at minimizing or avoiding the potential losses from extreme events and assuring rapid and proper help to the affected people and ascertaining a quick a

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd