Chronic bronchitis, Biology

Assignment Help:

Chronic Bronchitis

Chronic Bronchitis is defined clinically as hypersecretion of mucus and recurrent episode of productive cough for a period of 3 months per year at least two consecutive years. 

Pathophysiology

First there is glandular hypertrophy. Mucous gland hypertrophy and hyperplasia from chronic irritations cause excessive mucus production. The excessive mucus and impaired ciliary movement associated with chronic bronchitis increase susceptibility to infection. As infection progress, the epithelial cells produce a mucopurulent exudates in the lumen or the disease may progress to ulceration and destruction of the bronchial wall. The peribronchial fibrosis and the presence of granulation tissue result in stenosis and airway obstruction.

Second the bronchial wall tissue changes, mucosal ocdema and excessive mucus production, all increase airway resistance in persons with chronic bronchitis. Excess mucus may also cause bronchospasm. 

Third the pathophysiologic changes may impair the ability of lungs to exchange 0, and CO, leading to ventilation-perfusion mismatching at the alveolar-capillary membrane. Obstructed airways may lead to atelectasis which further diminishes the surface are a available for respiration. Fourth the right ventricular decompensation or corpulmonale may result.


Related Discussions:- Chronic bronchitis

Countercurrent flow, Countercurrent flow is the arrangement by which fish ...

Countercurrent flow is the arrangement by which fish get oxygen from the water which flows by the help of their gills. The water flows across the respiratory surface of the gill i

Explain the main steps in the mongoose bioassay, Question : Explain the...

Question : Explain the main steps in the mongoose bioassay and the mouse bioassay as conducted for testing ciguatera in Mauritius? (i) Provide a brief description on the beh

Define traditional methods of food processing, Define Traditional Methods o...

Define Traditional Methods of Food Processing? Because food is so important to survival and most foods remain edible for only a brief period of time, people as the initial ages

Herbage area or vegetation cover, Herbage area or vegetation cover Her...

Herbage area or vegetation cover Herbage area or vegetation cover is an important aspect of vegetation study in understanding the nature of a community particularly in evaluat

Oestrous cycle, OESTROU S CYCLE - Also known as heat period. Common in...

OESTROU S CYCLE - Also known as heat period. Common in rabbit, cat, dog, sheeps. In this period desire for copulation occur. Possibility of fertilization is 100%.

Determine the intracellular concentration of trva, Determine the intracellu...

Determine the intracellular concentration of TRVA Consider Neuron B in the frog central nervous system whose plasma membrane has a previously unknown channel that is selectly c

Advances in mineral and vitamin nutrition of livestock, Advances in Mineral...

Advances in Mineral and Vitamin Nutrition of Livestock Even though, minerals and vitamins as nutrients are as essential as energy and protein, general negligence occurs primari

Determine the nutritional and functional role of bromine, Minerals : Bromin...

Minerals : Bromine                 Food Source       Brominated flour  Nutritional Functional role Not known to be essential to humans. Dough improver: KBrO 3 impr

Explain enzyme inhibition, ENZYME INHIBITION Enzymes are often inhibite...

ENZYME INHIBITION Enzymes are often inhibited by  the presence of  suitable inhibitors. Much of current drug therapy  is based  on this. Basically, there  are  three major  cla

What are the possible sources of human embryonic stem cells, What are the p...

What are the possible sources of human embryonic stem cells? Embryonic stem cells can be derived from individual cells of an early embryo, from blood cells in the umbilical co

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd