Chronic bronchitis, Biology

Assignment Help:

Chronic Bronchitis

Chronic Bronchitis is defined clinically as hypersecretion of mucus and recurrent episode of productive cough for a period of 3 months per year at least two consecutive years. 

Pathophysiology

First there is glandular hypertrophy. Mucous gland hypertrophy and hyperplasia from chronic irritations cause excessive mucus production. The excessive mucus and impaired ciliary movement associated with chronic bronchitis increase susceptibility to infection. As infection progress, the epithelial cells produce a mucopurulent exudates in the lumen or the disease may progress to ulceration and destruction of the bronchial wall. The peribronchial fibrosis and the presence of granulation tissue result in stenosis and airway obstruction.

Second the bronchial wall tissue changes, mucosal ocdema and excessive mucus production, all increase airway resistance in persons with chronic bronchitis. Excess mucus may also cause bronchospasm. 

Third the pathophysiologic changes may impair the ability of lungs to exchange 0, and CO, leading to ventilation-perfusion mismatching at the alveolar-capillary membrane. Obstructed airways may lead to atelectasis which further diminishes the surface are a available for respiration. Fourth the right ventricular decompensation or corpulmonale may result.


Related Discussions:- Chronic bronchitis

Chemical bond maintains the pairing of each chain, Which type of chemical b...

Which type of chemical bond maintains the pairing of each chain in the DNA molecule? Ans) To form the DNA molecule, purine bases bind to pyrimidine bases by intermolecular bonds

Enumerate about the halstead- reitan battery, Enumerate about the Halstead-...

Enumerate about the Halstead- Reitan battery As in the case of the Halstead- Reitan battery, one could present two theoretical bases for the Luria- Nebraska, one revolving arou

Microorganisms, methods of isolating and purifying two useful products from...

methods of isolating and purifying two useful products from microorganisms

Ecology, Ecology Very often a word has a precise well-defined meaning i...

Ecology Very often a word has a precise well-defined meaning in scientific literature but is loosely used in everyday language. It is, therefore, necessary for you to be clear

How much dopamine do need add from a stock, A cat has just arrived to the v...

A cat has just arrived to the veterinary clinic with low blood pressure. The cat weighs 5 kg, and as the on call Vet you want to use a bag of saline to prepare a dopamine drip for

Where smooth muscle may be found in human body, a) Name three parts of the ...

a) Name three parts of the body where smooth (involuntary or unstriated) muscle may be found. b) In any one of your examples, say what the smooth muscle does.

Explain the health economics, Explain the Health Economics? Health econ...

Explain the Health Economics? Health economics concentrates on application of the principles and rules of economics in the sphere of health. In broad terms, it includes analysi

Ecological isolation, Ecological isolation is based on the fact that popula...

Ecological isolation is based on the fact that population shows preference to one habitat over the other. This extensive forests become barriers to the dispersal of organims living

Define food intake during polar expeditions, Define Food Intake during Pola...

Define Food Intake during Polar Expeditions? Observations made by Easty (1967) at Halley Bay, the British Antarctic survey base during 1961-62 expeditions indicate mean calorie

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd