Chronic bronchitis, Biology

Assignment Help:

Chronic Bronchitis

Chronic Bronchitis is defined clinically as hypersecretion of mucus and recurrent episode of productive cough for a period of 3 months per year at least two consecutive years. 

Pathophysiology

First there is glandular hypertrophy. Mucous gland hypertrophy and hyperplasia from chronic irritations cause excessive mucus production. The excessive mucus and impaired ciliary movement associated with chronic bronchitis increase susceptibility to infection. As infection progress, the epithelial cells produce a mucopurulent exudates in the lumen or the disease may progress to ulceration and destruction of the bronchial wall. The peribronchial fibrosis and the presence of granulation tissue result in stenosis and airway obstruction.

Second the bronchial wall tissue changes, mucosal ocdema and excessive mucus production, all increase airway resistance in persons with chronic bronchitis. Excess mucus may also cause bronchospasm. 

Third the pathophysiologic changes may impair the ability of lungs to exchange 0, and CO, leading to ventilation-perfusion mismatching at the alveolar-capillary membrane. Obstructed airways may lead to atelectasis which further diminishes the surface are a available for respiration. Fourth the right ventricular decompensation or corpulmonale may result.


Related Discussions:- Chronic bronchitis

What is the structural flat representation of an amino acid, What is the st...

What is the structural flat representation of an amino acid molecule? An amino acid has a central carbon to which a carboxyl group binds on a side and to which a -R (variable r

Eggs of insect, EGG S OF INSECT This eggs is centrolecithal and it is ...

EGG S OF INSECT This eggs is centrolecithal and it is elliptical. It diameter is 2-3 mm. It has two eggs membrane i.e. vitelline membrane and chitinous capsule. The chit

Explain the concept of menu planning, Explain the Concept of Menu Planning?...

Explain the Concept of Menu Planning? You have learnt from the previous units that our body's many functions, be it physical activity, mental exercise, growth (in the case of c

Major cell types that form the osseous tissue, Q. What are the three major ...

Q. What are the three major cell types that form the osseous tissue? What are their functions? The three major cell types of the osseous tissue are the osteocytes, the osteobla

Calculating the amounts of dissimilar nucleotides, Erwin Chargaff conducted...

Erwin Chargaff conducted a series of experiments in which he was calculating the amounts of dissimilar nucleotides that were present in dissimilar tissues and organisms. These stud

Human skeleton, HUMAN SKELETON - Hard supportive or protective elements...

HUMAN SKELETON - Hard supportive or protective elements of the animal body form the skeleton system. It's study in osteology. EXOSKELETO N - Present outside skin. It

Proteins of plant origin - cereal proteins, Proteins of Plant Origin - Cere...

Proteins of Plant Origin - Cereal Proteins Cereal Proteins: Cereal grains, properly ripened and dried for optimum storage stability, have protein content ranging from 6-20%.

Use mathematical calculations to justify the answer, Using an average wavel...

Using an average wavelength of 450 nm (0.45 um) can you resolve two objects that sit greater than 200nm apart from one another? Use mathematical calculations to justify your answer

Do protozoans have a cellular nucleus, Q. Do protozoans have a cellular nuc...

Q. Do protozoans have a cellular nucleus? All protozoans, as eukaryotes have nucleus, some species like the paramecium have two nuclei the micronucleus and the macronucleus.

What is the patients rbc volume, Tina administered 1 liter of sterile disti...

Tina administered 1 liter of sterile distilled water IV to a patient. Predict the direction (increase, decrease, no change) you would expect Tina's infusion to have produced in the

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd