Chronic bronchitis, Biology

Assignment Help:

Chronic Bronchitis

Chronic Bronchitis is defined clinically as hypersecretion of mucus and recurrent episode of productive cough for a period of 3 months per year at least two consecutive years. 

Pathophysiology

First there is glandular hypertrophy. Mucous gland hypertrophy and hyperplasia from chronic irritations cause excessive mucus production. The excessive mucus and impaired ciliary movement associated with chronic bronchitis increase susceptibility to infection. As infection progress, the epithelial cells produce a mucopurulent exudates in the lumen or the disease may progress to ulceration and destruction of the bronchial wall. The peribronchial fibrosis and the presence of granulation tissue result in stenosis and airway obstruction.

Second the bronchial wall tissue changes, mucosal ocdema and excessive mucus production, all increase airway resistance in persons with chronic bronchitis. Excess mucus may also cause bronchospasm. 

Third the pathophysiologic changes may impair the ability of lungs to exchange 0, and CO, leading to ventilation-perfusion mismatching at the alveolar-capillary membrane. Obstructed airways may lead to atelectasis which further diminishes the surface are a available for respiration. Fourth the right ventricular decompensation or corpulmonale may result.


Related Discussions:- Chronic bronchitis

Types oligosaccharide linkages, In glycoproteins, two main parts of oligosa...

In glycoproteins, two main parts of oligosaccharide linkages exist: a) An O-linked oligosaccharides attached to the protein by O-glycosidic bonds, to the OH groups of serine or

Equivalence point and end point - nutritional biochemistry, Equivalence po...

Equivalence point and end point - Nutritional  Biochemistry? Titrimetric analysis volumetrically measures the amount of reagent, often called a titrant, required to complete a

Define methods used in combination with pasteurization, Define methods used...

Define methods used in combination with pasteurization? Typical other methods used in combination with pasteurization include: 1.  Refrigeration as in the case of   milk

Hounsfield units of computed tomograpy scan, Hounsfield Units: It is an...

Hounsfield Units: It is an arbitrary scale of gray values for CT. It is an indicator of bone density: - Trabecular bone has a range of 200 - Cortical bone has a range

Protozoa, what are the disadvantages of protozoa?

what are the disadvantages of protozoa?

State about polyploid cells, State about polyploid cells During develop...

State about polyploid cells During development cells of certain tissues like the salivary gland and liver produce extraordinary amounts of selected proteins. This is often achi

Define beriefly about the phytoestrogens, Define beriefly about the Phytoes...

Define beriefly about the Phytoestrogens? You may be aware of the surging interest in phytoestrogens (PE) especially in connection with osteoporosis. This section briefly discu

Explain the primary stain - ziehl-neelsen method, Explain the Primary Stain...

Explain the Primary Stain - Ziehl-Neelsen Method? Ordinary aqueous stains like methylene blue, crystal violet, etc. are not able to stain most of the species of Mycobacteria. C

Find the magnitude and direction of the net electric force, Three point cha...

Three point charges are located at the corners of an equilateral triangle as in the figure below. Find the magnitude and direction of the net electric force on the 1.40 µC charge.

Protozoa, What is meant by encystment

What is meant by encystment

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd