Chronic bronchitis, Biology

Assignment Help:

Chronic Bronchitis

Chronic Bronchitis is defined clinically as hypersecretion of mucus and recurrent episode of productive cough for a period of 3 months per year at least two consecutive years. 

Pathophysiology

First there is glandular hypertrophy. Mucous gland hypertrophy and hyperplasia from chronic irritations cause excessive mucus production. The excessive mucus and impaired ciliary movement associated with chronic bronchitis increase susceptibility to infection. As infection progress, the epithelial cells produce a mucopurulent exudates in the lumen or the disease may progress to ulceration and destruction of the bronchial wall. The peribronchial fibrosis and the presence of granulation tissue result in stenosis and airway obstruction.

Second the bronchial wall tissue changes, mucosal ocdema and excessive mucus production, all increase airway resistance in persons with chronic bronchitis. Excess mucus may also cause bronchospasm. 

Third the pathophysiologic changes may impair the ability of lungs to exchange 0, and CO, leading to ventilation-perfusion mismatching at the alveolar-capillary membrane. Obstructed airways may lead to atelectasis which further diminishes the surface are a available for respiration. Fourth the right ventricular decompensation or corpulmonale may result.


Related Discussions:- Chronic bronchitis

Types of endoplasmic reticulum, TYPES E.R. consists of two types -     ...

TYPES E.R. consists of two types -        1. Rough E.R.                2. Smooth E.R.   R o ugh E.R.   S m o o th E.R.

What is optic chiasma, What is Optic Chiasma  This structure makes upto...

What is Optic Chiasma  This structure makes upto portion of the anterior inferior floor of the third ventricle. It is shaped like a flat oblong bridge and connects the optic ne

Telophase of karyokinesis, - The chromosomes at each pole uncoil and elonga...

- The chromosomes at each pole uncoil and elongate to form the chromatin. - A nucleolus reappears at each pole. - Spindle fibers and asters disappear and centrioles split. - A nu

Molluscs., what are the economic and ecological importance of molluscs

what are the economic and ecological importance of molluscs

Oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids, Unsaturated fatty acids require some ...

Unsaturated fatty acids require some additional processing before they can be degraded completely by β-oxidation.  The Unsaturated fatty acyl CoAs with double bonds at odd-numbered

HIV VIRUS, what is the structure of hiv virus?

what is the structure of hiv virus?

What is the patients rbc volume, Tina administered 1 liter of sterile disti...

Tina administered 1 liter of sterile distilled water IV to a patient. Predict the direction (increase, decrease, no change) you would expect Tina's infusion to have produced in the

Orientation to the paediatric unit - child care, Orientation to the Paediat...

Orientation to the Paediatric Unit   When the family arrives at the pediatric unit, they should be shown the room where their child will stay and the toilet facilities, the fan

Define the term parasites, Normal 0 false false false E...

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd