Chronic bronchitis, Biology

Assignment Help:

Chronic Bronchitis

Chronic Bronchitis is defined clinically as hypersecretion of mucus and recurrent episode of productive cough for a period of 3 months per year at least two consecutive years. 

Pathophysiology

First there is glandular hypertrophy. Mucous gland hypertrophy and hyperplasia from chronic irritations cause excessive mucus production. The excessive mucus and impaired ciliary movement associated with chronic bronchitis increase susceptibility to infection. As infection progress, the epithelial cells produce a mucopurulent exudates in the lumen or the disease may progress to ulceration and destruction of the bronchial wall. The peribronchial fibrosis and the presence of granulation tissue result in stenosis and airway obstruction.

Second the bronchial wall tissue changes, mucosal ocdema and excessive mucus production, all increase airway resistance in persons with chronic bronchitis. Excess mucus may also cause bronchospasm. 

Third the pathophysiologic changes may impair the ability of lungs to exchange 0, and CO, leading to ventilation-perfusion mismatching at the alveolar-capillary membrane. Obstructed airways may lead to atelectasis which further diminishes the surface are a available for respiration. Fourth the right ventricular decompensation or corpulmonale may result.


Related Discussions:- Chronic bronchitis

Describe the examination of abdomen, Describe the Examination of Abdomen ? ...

Describe the Examination of Abdomen ? The contour of abdomen is to be recorded. Normally the abdomen is scaphold in sharp in a young adult. In case of fullness and bulge presen

Explain about urinary system, Explain about Urinary system Urinary sys...

Explain about Urinary system Urinary system provides us with the service of disposing the waste products carried by blood. This function is also known as excretion.

How much carbohydrates taken for management of obesity, How much Carbohydra...

How much Carbohydrates taken for management of obesity? Carbohydrates in the form of non-starch poly-saccharides provide bulk and satiety value to the reducing diet. They are a

Kingdom fungi, what are the characteristis in species in the phyla division...

what are the characteristis in species in the phyla division

Calculate rate of heat removal per hour, Strawberries are quick frozen at a...

Strawberries are quick frozen at a rate of 6500 kg/h. The fruit enters the freezer at a temperature of 15°C and is frozen to a final temperature of -20°C. Calculate the rate of hea

Bacteria - type of microorganisms, Q. Bacteria - type of microorganisms? ...

Q. Bacteria - type of microorganisms? Many of us know bacteria only as "germs," invisible to naked eyes that can invade our bodies and make us sick. Few know that many bacteria

Which type of cell came first in evolution, Which type of cell came first i...

Which type of cell came first in evolution - the eukaryotic cell or the prokaryotic cell? This is an interesting problem of biological evolution. The most accepted hypothesis a

Are there chloroplasts in cyanobacteria, Are there chloroplasts in cyanobac...

Are there chloroplasts in cyanobacteria? In cyanobacteria there are no chloroplasts and the chlorophyll layers are dispersed in cytosol. Which chemical element is central in

Define effect of minerals on athletes, Define effect of Minerals on athlete...

Define effect of Minerals on athletes? Mineral supplementation, particularly iron in cases of iron deficient athletes is beneficial. Similarly, magnesium and chromium supplemen

Sporophytic and gametophytic self-incompatibility, Sporophytic and Gametoph...

Sporophytic and Gametophytic Self-Incompatibility Besides the categories based on morphology, self incompatibility can be further classified into sporophytic or gametophytic t

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd