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Q. Characteristics of Transformer?
The characteristics of most interest to power engineers are voltage regulation and ef?ciency. The voltage regulation of a transformer is a measure of the change in the magnitude of the secondary voltage as the current changes from no load to full load while the primary voltage is held ?xed. This is de?ned as
in which the I2R loss is obviously load-dependent, whereas the core loss is considered to be constant and independent of the load. It can be shown that the core loss should be equal to the copper loss for maximum operating ef?ciency at a given load.
The rated core loss can be approximated by the power input in the open-circuit test in which one winding is open-circuited and rated voltage at rated frequency is applied to the other winding.
The rated copper loss (at full load) can be approximated by the power input in the short-circuit test, in which one winding is short-circuited and a reduced voltage at rated frequency is applied to the other winding such that the rated current results.
The energy ef?ciency generally taken over a 24-hour period, known as all-day ef?ciency,is also of interest. It is given by
Active-mode PNP transistors in circuits: In the figure, the arrows showing current point in the direction of conventional current - the flow of electrons is in the opposite di
#question ...THE APPLICATION AND OPERATION OF ZENER DIODES
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Q. A source of impedance ¯ Z S = R S = 100 has an open-circuit voltage v S (t) = 12.5 cos ωot and drives a 75- transmission line terminated with a 75- load. Find the current
Thevenin's theorem procedure: 1. Open circuit R L and find Thevenin's voltage (V TH ). 2. Find Thevenin's resistance (R TH ) when voltage source is short circuit or curren
Illustrate about the term application specific instruction set processor. Application Specific Instruction-Set Processor (ASIP): a. Microcontroller: as Intel, Hitachi, Motor
Short-Term Measures for Technical Loss Reduction The short-term measures involve measures needs for immediate improvement and reduction of losses within the system. These are
For the RC phase-shift oscillator if c=1pF and R=10K determine the value of Rf
Consider a system described by the coupled difference equation y(k + 2) - ν(k) = 0 ν(k + 1) + y(k + 1) = u(k) where u(k) is the system input. (a) Find a state-variable
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