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Character Set:
To study any language, first one should know the alphabets of the language and they are termed as character set in general. There are 50 different characters in the COBOL character set.
They are listed as below:
0-9 (10 numerals)
A-Z (26 English alphabets-only capital letters)
- (hyphen or minus sign)
+ (Plus sign)
* (Asterisk)
/ (Slash)
0= (Equal sign)
$ (Currency sign)
, (Comma)
; (Semi colon)
. (Period or decimal point)
" (Quotation mark)
( (Left Parenthesis)
) (Right Parenthesis)
> (Greater than symbol)
< (Less than symbol)
The characters 0-9 are known as numeric characters or digits. The characters A-Z are known as letters and the remaining characters are known as special characters. The space or blank character in many cases is treated as a letter.
PROGRAM FOR ADD VERB: We have to write a simple program to elaborate the ADD verb. You can also use edit characters in the program. Identification division. Program- id.
Illustration of Perform with varying option: A) Perform para-3 varying the k from 1 by 1 until k > 10. Here para-3 will be constantly executed 10 times (For k=1,2,3, .....1
Common form of the READ statements: Format 1 is the common form of the READ statements. Format 2 is used when the access mode is either random or dynamic. For illustration,
Example of Perform statement: PERFORM BEGIN-CALCULATION THRU END-CALCULATION. Assume, BEGIN-CALCULATION and END-CALCULTION is paragraph names. The execution of the PERFORM
Name the divisions in a COBOL program are given below DENTIFICATION DIVISION DATA DIVISION ENVIRONMENT DIVISION PROCEDURE DIVISION.
SEQUENTIAL FILES WITH THE VARIABLE-LENGTH RECORDS: The Magnetic - tape or disk files can hold variable-length records. In this situation the file can have records with various
COBOL Words: The COBOL word can be formed by using the characters as shown below: 0-9 A-Z (a-z) - (hyphen) The rules below should be hold in forming the COBOL words.
READ STATEMENTS: The common format for the read statements is as shown bellow. Format 1: READ file-name RECORD [ INTO identifier ] [ ; AT END imperative-s
REDEFINES CLAUSE: At times it may be found that two or more storage regions defined in the DATA DIVISION are not in use concurrently. In such situations only one storage regio
Illustration of the abbreviation: A few illustration of the abbreviation are given below: Illustration: The compound condition AMOUNT GREATER THAN 499 AND AMOUNT L
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