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Character Set:
To study any language, first one should know the alphabets of the language and they are termed as character set in general. There are 50 different characters in the COBOL character set.
They are listed as below:
0-9 (10 numerals)
A-Z (26 English alphabets-only capital letters)
- (hyphen or minus sign)
+ (Plus sign)
* (Asterisk)
/ (Slash)
0= (Equal sign)
$ (Currency sign)
, (Comma)
; (Semi colon)
. (Period or decimal point)
" (Quotation mark)
( (Left Parenthesis)
) (Right Parenthesis)
> (Greater than symbol)
< (Less than symbol)
The characters 0-9 are known as numeric characters or digits. The characters A-Z are known as letters and the remaining characters are known as special characters. The space or blank character in many cases is treated as a letter.
GO TO, STOP RUN: The GO TO verb is used to completely transfer the control to elsewhere in the program. Its form is as shown below: GO TO procedure-name As a result o
ADD VERB: The ADD Verb can be used to find the sum of two or more numbers and to store the sum. The ADD verb takes any one of the two forms as shown below:
PROGRAM FOR DIVIDE VERB: We have to write an easy program to elaborate DIVIDE verb. You can also use edit characters in the program. Identification division. Program-
BLOCK CONTAINS CLAUSE: Integer -1 of the BLOCK CONTAINS clause indicates the block size either in terms of records or in terms of characters. For illustration, BLOCK CONTAINS
STATEMENTS FOR SEQUENTIAL FILES: A basic operation on a file includes the reading and writing of its records. Whenever the file is sequential, there are three verbs for the
Block Size: The normal practice is to group a number of consecutive records to form that is termed as a block or a physical record. The number of records in a block is frequen
PERFORM STATEMENT: The PERFORM statement can be used to execute the group of consecutive statements written elsewhere in the program. We refer to this group of statements a
PROGRAM FOR COMPUTE VERB: We have to write an easy program to elaborate the COMPUTE verb. Identification division. Program- id. compverb. Environment division. Da
LEVEL NUMBERS: The COBOL makes use of the level number concept to explain the hierarchical data structure. A level number is a 2 digit number. The permitted level numbers a
Size: The number of characters or digits needed to store the data item in the memory in termed as the Size of the data item. All the 4 general characteristics explained can
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