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Character Set:
To study any language, first one should know the alphabets of the language and they are termed as character set in general. There are 50 different characters in the COBOL character set.
They are listed as below:
0-9 (10 numerals)
A-Z (26 English alphabets-only capital letters)
- (hyphen or minus sign)
+ (Plus sign)
* (Asterisk)
/ (Slash)
0= (Equal sign)
$ (Currency sign)
, (Comma)
; (Semi colon)
. (Period or decimal point)
" (Quotation mark)
( (Left Parenthesis)
) (Right Parenthesis)
> (Greater than symbol)
< (Less than symbol)
The characters 0-9 are known as numeric characters or digits. The characters A-Z are known as letters and the remaining characters are known as special characters. The space or blank character in many cases is treated as a letter.
INDEXED SEQUENTIAL FILES: In the indexed sequential files which are also known as indexed files, the records are stored in the sequence order generally in ascending order. In
PROGRAM FOR SIMPLE PERFORM: We have to write a program to elaborate simple PERFORM statement Identification division. Program- id. Perf1. Environment division. Da
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Common form of the READ statements: Format 1 is the common form of the READ statements. Format 2 is used when the access mode is either random or dynamic. For illustration,
NEGATED SIMPLE CONDITION: Any of the easy condition explained can be preceded by the logical operator NOT. The consequence of placing the operator NOT before an easy condition
Figurative Constants: The Figurative constants have several fixed names and the compiler recognizes these names and it sets up the equivalent values in the object program.
we have input file ,record layout is EMP ID (6 char) , EMP NAME (20 char), Designation (3 char),Salary (5 digit) Base Branch (10char) Grade (3 Alphanumeric). This is the input file
MOVE CORRESPONDING: It is frequently required to move some of the data items of one group to some other data items in the other group. If the names of the equivalent data item
Major difference between file and array how does record read from array and file why we are not preparing array for real time
Plus Sign - edit characters for numeric data: + (Plus Sign) : A plus sign is alike to minus sign except that when the item is positive, +sign will be inserted rather th
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