Accidents  are  usually the  results  of a combination of  factors each one of which  may very  from  situation. An  accident  does no have  a single cause but  multiplicity  of causes which  are  often  are often  closely  reacted. According  to safety  experts there  are three  basic  causes of factors contributes  to accidents  in organizations.

1. Unsafe Conditions: Unsafe conditions  are work  related causes and are the most frequent causes  of accidents. Such  causes are associated with  defective  plants equipments  tools  materials buildings and other  technical  factors. Since  these causes  are related  to the technical  aspects of the work  these are  known  as technical  causes. Various  work  related factors  which  cause accidents  to occur  are as follows:

1. Nature of job: Nature  of a job  itself  is a source of  accidents. Some  jobs  are more  prone to  accidents  as compared to others e, g, job of  a crane operator as compared to a foreman. Generally those jobs  are more  accident prone in which  the workers  come into  direct contact with  machinery  in motion or hazardous materials like  differently  types of  chemicals  explosives etc.

2. Nature  or Machinery and Equipment: Since machinery  and equipments  have high  danger zones  as compared  to others . for  example  about  one third of accidents  occur around hand lift  trucks.  Wheel  borrows, and other  handling and  lifting  equipments. The  most  serious  accidents  usually  occur  near  saws or transmission  machinery like  gears pulleys and  flywheels  stairs ladders  walkways scaffolds and handrails. Similarly hand tools  chisels  and screwdrivers and  electrical  equipments extension cords  electric droplights etc are also  major  sources of accidents. Chemical  tanks  boilers gas storages  devices etc, causes  serious  industrial  industrial  accidents.

3. Poor  Physical  Conditions: While   nature  of jobs   and machinery  and equipment  affect every  organization  uniform ally, these  become causes of  accidents  when  these  are not  properly laid  down  or maintained. Poor  physical  conditions  prevailing  at the  workplace  causing  accidents  are of  the followings types:

a. Hazardous layout  of plant  and machinery.

b. Defective  machinery   and equipments.

c. Defective  work  procedure in and around machinery and equipments.

d. Unsafe storage  congestion  and overloading.

e. Inadequate and faulty safety devices.

f. Improper illumination  glare or insufficient  light.

g. Improper ventilation causing insufficient air charge and impure air source.

4. Psychological  Climate at the  Workplace: Apart from  physical  conditions psychological conditions  prevailing at the workplace  also  cause accident. Psychological  factors  are  in the  form  of mental fatigue anxiety monotony boredom frustration, and other  emotion  arousing  factors. All these  factors  cause inattention in the workers  and they  become  prone  to the  accidents. However  all workers  may not be  equally affected  by these  factors  but their  personal  characteristics  play  important  role  in this  respect.

5. Work Schedules: Work  schedules  are also  responsible to some extent for  the accidents. Work  schedules  involving  long  hours  of continuous  working  generate  fatigue which  maybe  cause  of  accident. Similarly  night  shifts  generate  more  accidents  as people are not  accustomed to  working  in night which is  considered to be the  rest  period. It  has been observed that  more  accidents  occur during  the  late  hours  as compared  to early  hours  of work  schedules.