Already have an account? Get multiple benefits of using own account!
Login in your account..!
Remember me
Don't have an account? Create your account in less than a minutes,
Forgot password? how can I recover my password now!
Enter right registered email to receive password!
Cardiac Output - Circulation
The cardiac output can be determined in a number of ways. The most common method is the Fick's principle. A. Fick a German physiologist in 1870 described a simple method of calculating cardiac output from measurement of oxygen consumption (or carbon dioxide production) and the difference between oxygen (or carbon dioxide) contents of blood entering and leaving the heart.
The volume of blood ejected by each beat of the heart is the stroke volume. The mean stroke volume is determined by dividing cardiac output by heart rate. In other words, cardiac output can be calculated if we know the values of heart rate and stroke volume. Therefore, cardiac output can be increased by increasing either the heart frequency or the stroke volume or both. However, in mammals there may be little change in stroke volume if cardiac output is to be altered, major adjustments are made in the heart rate. The distribution of blood to the various organs of the human body is given in Table You can see from the Table that kidneys, liver, heart and brain make up only 5% of the total body weight but receive more than half of the total cardiac output. Stroke volume can also be defined as the difference in volume of blood before and after contraction. Two factors influence stroke volume, one is the hormone adrenaline (epinephrine) which increases contractions thus forcing a larger volume of - blood out of the ventricles in a single stroke. The other is the amount of blood present in the ventricles before contraction.
If the returning venous blood to the heart is increased, then ventricles will be filled with more blood and following contraction more blood will be ejected out. This relationship between cardiac output and increased venous volume was discovered by the English physiologist Ernest H. Starling. This relationship will be further discussed when we talk of blood flow during exercise.
Food Applications of alginate One of the most unusual properties of the alginates has been the ability of soluble alginate salts to produce attractive, edible gels or jellies.
What is the role of pharmacologic therapy in the treatment of peri implantitis. Pharmacological therapy for patients presenting with an ailing implant involves subgingival irri
Normal 0 false false false EN-IN X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4
Various acute complications of diabetes mellitus are described in this unit. Acute complications develop within a short period of time. These are due to improper treatment of diabe
The scientist who described cells as “many little boxes” was
Height of Plants - Quantitative Characters The height of a plant is a very good indicator of their general performance and therefore, can be employed as a criterion of the suc
Q. Concerning permeability what type of membrane is the cell membrane? The cell membrane is a selectively permeable membrane that is it allows the passage of water and some sel
The major concentration of noradrenergic (and adrenergic) cell bodies is found in locus ceruleus a nucleus in the reticular formation. The axons of these neurons project through t
Q. Bracketed Keys to identifying plants and animals? In bracketed keys two couplet leads of the same rank are bracketed together. The alternative clues or couplets are written
Crustacea The Crustacea show a great morphological diversity of appendages which may be grouped into three categories, cephalic, thoracic and abdominal. Their appendages are c
Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!
whatsapp: +91-977-207-8620
Phone: +91-977-207-8620
Email: [email protected]
All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd