Doppler echocardiojgraphy measures blood  flow velocities  and direction of blood flow  in the heart add great vessels. The characteristics of blood flow are evaluated using both audio information and a graphic display of the Doppler spectral analysis. Qualitative and quantitative Doppler  information may aid  in  the non-invasive assessment of:

A) Valvular Abndrmalities

Stenosis-as  inpicated by  increased blood  flow velocity and turbulence beyond an obsbction.

Regurgitation-detection  of high velocity turbulent retrograde flow  in cardiac chambeb proximal to be regurgitant valve.

B) Congenital Catdiac Defects

Shunt Lesions4etection of flow across a  septa1 defect or from a patent ductus arteriousius  and quantification of the degree of shunting. C) Cardiac funcdon

• Velocity time idtervals
• Estimates of catdiac output 
• Other potential estimation of cardiac function