Carbohydrates, Biology

Assignment Help:

CARBOHYDRATES

  1. Carbohydrate = hydrate of carbon.
  2. Hydroxyl group present.
  3. Aldehyde group or keto group may present.
  4. Carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketose.
  5. Aldehyde group (-CHO) is generally terminal while keto group (> C = O) is commonly subterminal.
  6. Depending upon the presence of aldehyde or keto group, carbohydrates are called aldoses are ketoses.
  7. Carbohydrates contain Hydrogen and Oxygen in proportion as present in water.
  8. There are few exceptions -

                 Acetic acid (C2H4O2), Formeldehyde (CH2O), Lactic acid (C3H6O3)                         [Not Carbohydrate]
                 Deoxyribose sugar (C5H10O4), Ranose (C6H12O5), Glucosamine (C6H13ON)             [Carbohydrate]

  1. Empirical formula is Cn(H2O)n or (CH2O)n.
  2. Generally 3 elements present in carbohydrate as C, H & O.
  3. Some carbohydrates contain Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Sulphur.
  4. Carbohydrates are also named saccharides as they are formed of sugars.
  5. Carbohydrates that are water soluble & sweet in taste are called sugars.
  6. a & b - forms of sugar show isomerism.
  7. The term sugar is used for small carbohydrates (monosaccharides and disaccharides) that are sweet to taste.
  8. Carbohydrates are the first products of photosynthesis and the main ingredient of reserve food.
  9. They are also called Staff of life.
  10. Upto 80% of the dry weight of a plant is made of carbohydrates.
  11. However, in an animal, the carbohydrate content is not more than 1% of the total.
  12. Carbohydrates are of three types - Monosaccharides, Oligosaccharides, Polysaccharides

Related Discussions:- Carbohydrates

Population growth, Increase in population size is known as population growt...

Increase in population size is known as population growth. It depends upon number of persons added to the population and number of persons lost from the population. Addition in pop

Types of development of animals, Types of Development of Animals Diffe...

Types of Development of Animals Different animals have evolved various methods of development. These methods can be broadly categorized into two categories (i) Direct devel

Explain the characteristics of starch granule, Explain the Characteristics ...

Explain the Characteristics of Starch Granule Starch granules, primarily, are made up of amylose (20-30%) and or amylopectin (70-80%) molecules arranged radially. Each granule

Meiosis, does crossing over occur in all the homologous chromosomes???

does crossing over occur in all the homologous chromosomes???

Define the swab or agar - food microbiology, Define the Swab or Agar - Food...

Define the Swab or Agar - Food Microbiology? Slant Method The method involves sampling with cotton swabs that are transferred directly to slants. Other methods include use of u

Define about right visual cortex, A question is flashed on a screen in the ...

A question is flashed on a screen in the left visual world of right-handed person Z. Person Z is a healthy individual with an normal nervous system.  Person Z has a patch over Z's

Give brief description about the generalised seizures, Generalised Seizures...

Generalised Seizures Generalised seizures are bilaterally symmetrical without focal onset. One subtype, the grand mal attack, is characterised by loss of consciousness and by s

Why the orange trees are often sprayed with water, Why the orange trees are...

Why the orange trees are often sprayed with water? Although it is grossly counter-intuitive, whenever citrus groves are in risk of experiencing below-freezing temperatures, the

What is the tympanum, What is the tympanum? In which part of the ear is it ...

What is the tympanum? In which part of the ear is it located and what is its function? The tympanum (or ear drum) is a membrane located in the middle ear just after the auditor

Production of substances - responses to infection, Production of substances...

Production of substances interfering with virus proliferation In some cases plants are known to synthesise chemicals that inhibit crucial functions of pathogens. This makes pl

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd