User Account

All Pages

Capital Rationing, Finance, Other Engineering

Assignment Help:
Capital Rationing

Capital Rationing refers to a situation where the firm is constrained for external, or self-imposed, reasons to obtain necessary funds to invest in all investment projects with positive NPV. Under capital rationing the management has not simply to determine the profitable investment opportunities, but it has also to decide to obtain that combination of the profitable projects which yields highest NPV within the available funds.

Why capital rationing

Capital rationing may arise due to external factors or internal constraints imposed by the management. Thus there are two types of capital rationing:

• External capital rationing

• Internal capital rationing.

External capital rationing

External capital rationing mainly occurs on account of the imperfection in capital markets. Imperfections may be caused by deficiencies in market information, or by frigidities of attitude that hamper the free flow of capital. For example, supreme electronics ltd is a closely held company; it borrows from the financial institutions as much as it can. It still has investment opportunities, which can be financed by issuing equity capital. But it doesn’t issue shares; the owner-managers do not approve the idea of the public issue of shares because of the fear of losing control of the business. Consider another case. Tan India wattle extracts ltd. Proposes to set up a plant for manufacturing wattle extract. There is expected to be tremendous demand for wattle extract and therefore the proposed project is likely to be highly profitable. The respective investors however, are not convinced of the prospects of the project. For the company, therefore, the capital markets are non-existent. The NPV rule will not work if shareholders do not have access to the capital markets. Imperfections in capital markets alone do not invalidate use of the NPV rule. In reality, we will have very few situations where capital markets do not exist shareholders.

Internal capital rationing

Internal capital rationing is caused by self-imposed restrictions by the management. Various types of constraints may be imposed. For example, it may be decided not to obtain additional funds by incurring debt. This may be a part of the firm’s conservative financial policy. Management may fix an arbitrary limit to the amount of funds to be invested by the divisional mangers. Sometimes management may resort to capital rationing by requiring minimum rate of return higher than the cost of capital whatever may be the type of restrictions, the implication is that some of the predictable projects will have to be foregone because of the lack of funds. However, the NPV rule will work since shareholders can borrow or lend in the capital markets.

It is quite difficult sometimes to justify the internal capital rationing. But generally it is used as a means of financial control in a divisional set-up the divisional managers may overstate their investment requirements. One watt o forcing them to carefully assess their investment opportunities and set priorities is to put upper limits to their capital expenditures. Similarly, a company may put investment limits if it finds itself incapable of coping with the strains and organizational problems of a fast growth.

Related Discussions:- Capital Rationing, Finance

Need answers in an excel spreadsheet, 1 Scott Investors, Inc., is consideri...

1 Scott Investors, Inc., is considering the purchase of a $447,000 computer with an economic life of five years. The computer will be fully depreciated over five years using the st

Thermodynamics, What are the importance of engineering thermodynamics

What are the importance of engineering thermodynamics

Quine mecluskey tabulation algorithm, simplify using quine Mccluskey tabula...

simplify using quine Mccluskey tabulation algorithm and find out the number of primes implicants f(a,b,c,d)=(2.3,4,5,13,15)+d(8,9,10,11) in logic design

Sinking fund depreciation method in economical engineering, Sinking Fund De...

Sinking Fund Depreciation Method Prior to World War II little attention was given to depreciation, and some business actually established savings accounts in which uniform annu

Who is a more senior creditor, Who is a more senior creditor, a bondholder ...

Who is a more senior creditor, a bondholder or stockholder?  The bondholder is always more mature. Stockholders (including those who own recommended stock) must delay until bond

Sustainable energy processes, PEME5451/3451 SUSTAINABLE ENERGY PROCESSES As...

PEME5451/3451 SUSTAINABLE ENERGY PROCESSES Assignment 5: Transport fuels VLE submission deadline is Friday 24th February PART 1: (worth 40%, all parts marked equally) 1. Using the

Capital budgeting process, Capital budgeting process: When investing in a l...

Capital budgeting process: When investing in a long term assets, the project has been evaluated in term of its profitability and expected cash flow in the future. The capital budge

Petroleum Production.., 1. . Using the graph of pore/fracture pressure for ...

1. . Using the graph of pore/fracture pressure for the Holly Field propose a casing scheme for the well using the graphical approach. Discuss the suitability of the selected casing

Foundry Mechanizaation, i need assignment on this topic

i need assignment on this topic

Ignition systems in aircraft engine, IGNITION SYSTEMS The outline of a ...

IGNITION SYSTEMS The outline of a high energy ignition system is illustrated in the figure. Each high energy ignition unit has a low voltage supply which is controlled by the

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Order Assignment

Featured Services

Order Now

Popular Subjects

Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

Submit Assignment

Academics

Major Subjects

Majors

Get In Touch

whatsapp: +91-977-207-8620

Phone: +91-977-207-8620

Email: [email protected]

TERMS & POLICIES

HELP & SUPPORT

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd