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BUREAUCRACY:
M de Gournay, an economist of France, first coined the word Bureaucracy in the eighteenth century to refer to "a fourth or fifth form of Government" in which "officers, clerks, secretaries, inspectors and attendants are not appointed to benefit the public interest. Indeed the public interest appears to have been established so that offices might exist". Harolds J. Laski defines the term bureaucracy as a system of Government, the control of which is so completely in the hands of officials that their power jeopardises the liberties of ordinary citizens. The characteristics of such a regime are a passion for routine in administration, the sacrifice of flexibility to rule, delay in the making of decisions and a refusal to embark upon experiment. In extreme cases, the members of a bureaucracy may become a hereditary caste manipulating Government to their own advantage. Max Weber, the German social scientist thinks that bureaucracy is among those social structures which are the most difficult to eliminate. Bureaucracy is an ideal type as it is based on impersonal and rational basis. Weber classifies the authority as traditional, i.e. "resting on an established belief in the sanctity of immemorial traditions and the legitimacy of the status of those exercising authority under them", charistmatic i.e. "resting on the devotion to the specific and exceptional sanctity, heroism or exemplary character of an individual person, and of the normative patterns or order revealed or ordained by him", and legal, i.e., "resting on the premises of legality of patterns of normative rules and the right of those elevated to authority under such rules to issues commands". Legal authority is superior and more logical than charismatic.
the conclusion
Long Run Average Cost (or LAC) -Constant Returns to Scale If the input is doubled, the output will double and average cost is constant at all the levels of output.
what is the theory of supply
Elasticity of Demand Price elasticity of demand measures percentage change in quantity demanded which results from a 1 % change in price. Price Elasticity
relationship between tfc , tvc , tc
explain budget line?
#questioIn many metropolitan areas of the country, local governments often impose rent controls on apartments. The justification for doing so is that the current market rent is con
what do you meant by rent?
critically analysis firm theory of profit maximization?
This method is also known as Experts opinion methods of investigation. In this method instead of depending upon the opinion of buyers and salesmen firms can obtain views of the spe
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