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Buffers:
The Modern computers are able of handling I-O operations independent of the CPU by means of the hardware termed as data channel.
For illustration, if two buffers are allocated for an input file, the IOCS can fill- in one buffer whereas the program processes the records already read and accessible in the other buffer.
MULTIPLY VERB: The Multiply Verb causes one or more multiplicands to be multiplied by the multiplier and to store the products. The form of the MULTIPLY verb is as shown be
PROGRAM USING OCCURS CLAUSE: We have to write a simple program to demonstrate Occurs Clause. Get the employee details for 3 persons and compute the total salary. identifica
Example of read statement: Illustration: READ OLD-MASTER AT END MOVE ZERO TO END-OF-RECORDS. As a result of this statement, generally the next record from the OLD-MAST
Figurative Constants: The Figurative constants have several fixed names and the compiler recognizes these names and it sets up the equivalent values in the object program.
PROGRAM FOR MULTIPLY VERB: We have to write a simple program to elaborate MULTIPLY verb. You can also use the edit characters in the program. Identification division. Pr
INDEXED TABLES: The OCCURS clause that is used to define tables can optionally have an INDEXED phrase. This phrase involves the names of data items which are to be used as sub
FILE CHARACTERISTICS: The task of file handling is the responsibility of the system software termed as IOCS (Input-Output control system). Record Size: We know that th
Direct Organization: Besides the relative or indexed organization, also a direct access file can be designed to have what is termed as direct organization. In this organizati
NEGATED SIMPLE CONDITION: Any of the easy condition explained can be preceded by the logical operator NOT. The consequence of placing the operator NOT before an easy condition
READ STATEMENTS: The common format for the read statements is as shown bellow. Format 1: READ file-name RECORD [ INTO identifier ] [ ; AT END imperative-s
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