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Fundamentals of Acids and Bases
Bronsted-Lowry theory:
A Bronsted acid is a (proton) + donor, whilst a Brønsted base is a proton acceptor. An acid-base reaction involves the exchange of a proton between a base and an acid. An acid reacts with water to produce the hydronium ion, a conjugate base, and H3O+. A base reacts with water to produce the OH-, hydroxide ion, and a conjugate acid.
A reaction between an acid and a base (an acid-base reaction) involves the exchange of a proton, for example:
HCl+NH3→Cl-+NH4+
These definitions apply under all conditions, but the most important acid-base systems use water as a solvent. In this case, equilibria are set up in water, which for HA (a general acid) is:
and for B (a general base) is:
An element L has 9 protons and valency 1. Another element M has valency 3 and 5. What is the difference in the number of electrons in L and M ?
Calculate how the internal energy stored in one O-H bond of H20 Consider the following chemical reaction H20(g)-->2H(g) + O(g) at 298.15 K and 1.00 Bar fH* [H(g)]=218.0 kJ/mole fH*
The ground state term symbol for an electronic state is governed by : (1) Heisenberg's principle (2) Hund's rule (3) Aufbau principle (4) Pauli exclusion principle
Physical properties of Acetophenone - Aldehydes and Ketones a. Acetophenone is a colourless crystalline solid with melting point 20°C and boiling point 202°C. b. Acetophenon
Q. Illustrate Activity Series for Metals? Ans. An activity series is a series that orders substances on the basis of their reactivity. The following diagram is the activit
An aqueous solution has a hydroxyl concentration of 1.75 x 10^-7mol/L. Find the concentration of hydrogen ions in this solution.
The word "cereal" is derived from the name of the Roman grain or harvest goddess, Ceres. Cereals are the seeds of the grass family. These are the complex carbohydrates and consist
Which statement is not correct for n=5, m=3: (1) l=4 (2) l=0, 1.3, s =+1/2 (3) l= 3 (4) All are correct Ans:l=4
balance the equation
ionic bond
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