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Q. Briefly explain Automotive Ignition System?
Ignition systems in automobiles have been designed as a straightforward application of electrical transients. Figure shows a simplified ignition circuit for an internal-combustion engine. The primary inductance, current-limiting resistance, and capacitance forman underdamped series RLC circuit. Thus, when the points open, an oscillatory current flows through the primary, thereby inducing the required voltage in the secondary. The points form a switch, which opens and closes as the engine rotates, exactly at the instantwhen an ignition spark is needed by one of the cylinders. During the period when the points are closed, current builds up rather slowly in the primary winding of the coil, which consists of a pair of mutually coupled inductors, as shown in Figure. The current is interrupted rapidly when the points open. The resulting large rate of change of current induces a large voltage across the coil secondary, which is connected to the appropriate spark plug by the distributor. The resistance limits the current in case the engine stops with the points closed. Since the voltage across a capacitance cannot change instantaneously, the capacitor prevents the voltage
across the points fromrising too rapidly when the points open. Otherwise arcingmay occur across the points, which in turn may get burned and pitted.
Transparent latch D flip Flop A typical example of this type of D flop is 7475 shown in figure when CLK connected is enable signal is high and the flip flop is enabled
Rise Time (t r ) During rise time voltage falls from 90% V a to 10% where V a where V a is the initial anode voltage. In terms of current time taken by anode curre
a. Determine the ratio of cross section of a circular waveguide to that of a rectangular one, if each is to have similar cut off wavelength for its dominant mode. b. Compare wav
The very basic specifications of a UJT are: Vbb(max) - The maximum interbase voltage that can be applied to the UJT (b) Rbb-the interbase resistance of the UJT (c) n - The
An eight pole dc generator has an armature wound with 768 conductors each capable of carrying 50A without overheating. The emf generated in each conductor is 1.5V. Calculate the th
Q. Amplifiers with Feedback? Almost all practical amplifier circuits include some form of negative feedback. The advantages gained with feedback may include the following: •
Memory map of tpa in a personal computer and explain such of the areas in brief
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Mode 1 In this mode transistor Q gets turned on by the positive output of the PWM. After that current flows through inductor L transistor Q then back to supply in thi
The interrupt vector table is always created in the first 1K area of the memory. Justify the statement. While the CPU receives an interrupt type number start from the PIC, this
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