Bovine leukemia, Biology

Assignment Help:

Bovine leukemia

Bovine leukemia, also known as bovine lymphosarcoma or leucosis, is a lymphoproliferative neoplastic disease of bovines. The virus belongs to genus Deltaretrovirus in the family Retroviridae. Oncogenesis depends on the integration of bovine proviral v-onc gene into cellular DNA. Transmission of Bovine leukemia virus occurs primarily by the transfer of lymphocytes between animals. The virus can be transmitted to the fetus but usually less than 40% calves born to infected dams are infected at birth.

Clinical signs: The symptoms of this disease are persistent lymphocytosis, leukemia and or lymphosarcoma in cattle. The lymphoid tumors are seen in lymph nodes, abomasums, heart, spleen, kidneys, uterus, spinal meninges, and brain.

Diagnosis: Antibodies to bovine leukemia virus antigens are demonstrated by immunodiffusion, radioimmunoassay, enzyme immunoassay, syncytium-inhibtion assay and complement-fixation test. The diagnosis is aided by the hematologic observations including lymphocytosis and the presence of immature lymphocytes. Electron microscopy, infectivity assay in cell-culture systems and sero-epidemiological observations provide a confirmatory diagnosis.

Prevention and control: Identification of the affected animals by serological testing followed by culling is the only available method of controlling this disease.


Related Discussions:- Bovine leukemia

Surface markings of the heart, The Upper Border of the Heart A:  Mark a ...

The Upper Border of the Heart A:  Mark a point on the lower border of the left second costal cartilage 1.2 cm away from the sternal margin. B:  Mark a point on the upper bord

Carbohydrates requirement in pectic ulcer, Q. Carbohydrates requirement in ...

Q. Carbohydrates requirement in pectic ulcer? Carbohydrates: These should provide around 55 to 65% of the daily intake. Emphasis - J should be laid on the consumption of 60th s

What is growth monitoring of an infant, What is Growth Monitoring? In t...

What is Growth Monitoring? In third world countries, about half the children are short and underweight for their age. Inadequate nutrient intake is the main reason. Inadequate

Explain indications for surgery of congenital pulmonary, Explain Indication...

Explain Indications for Surgery of Congenital Pulmonary Stenosis ? Interventional treatment is required for all neonates presenting with critical pulmonary valvar stenosis. Thi

How does biogeography contribute to an evolution, How does biogeography con...

How does biogeography contribute to an understanding of evolution? In biogeography studies, same animals that seem to be closely related are adapted to dissimilar environments

Define nutritional needs of the elderly, Define Nutritional Needs of the El...

Define Nutritional Needs of the Elderly? In this, we learnt about the nutritional needs of the elderly, and in doing so we have also focused on many other aspects such as who d

Illustrate about sterilization protocol, Q. Illustrate about Sterilization ...

Q. Illustrate about Sterilization protocol? Sterilization protocol includes proper transportation and cleaning of instruments followed by their packing. Items can be sterilized

How do embryos of placental mammals excrete nitrogen wastes, Q. How do embr...

Q. How do embryos of placental mammals excrete nitrogen wastes? Placental animals including embryos and excrete urea, In the adult placental mammal urea is excreted through the

Agro industrial-phosphorus, Phosphorus Phosphorus has been known as “m...

Phosphorus Phosphorus has been known as “master mineral” because it is involved in most metabolic processes. Phosphorus, which is stored in bones and teeth, is often discussed

Tissue valves -surgical techniques, Tissue Valves :  Tissue valves mo...

Tissue Valves :  Tissue valves mounted on a frame with a sewing ring are inserted by the same technique as used in the case of prosthetic valves.

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd