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Computing uses three number bases:- Binary (base 2), Octal (base 8) and Hexadecimal (base 16). Binary has been described before, although various catchphrases are used to describe their length.
4 bits e.g. 1100 is termed nibble 8 bits e.g. 11001111 us termed Byte 16 bits e.g. 1100111111001111 is termed Word 32 bits e.g. 11001111110011111100111111001111 is termed long word. Hexadecimal (Hex) is a common base; it uses 0 -> 9 and A -> F for 10 -> 15. Conversion to decimal is achieved by using weighted columns of 16n similar to binary. Within microprocessors we often convert from binary to hex and back, a short hand way of doing this is shown below.
What is meant by arm-stickiness? If one or a few processes have a high access rate to data on single track of a storage disk, then they might be monopolizing the device by repe
What are the three main activities of an operating system in regard to secondary-storage management? a) Free-space management. b) Storage allocation. c) Disk scheduling.
Explain external fragmentation? External fragmentation is the process where the free space and the space still available for use, in a piece of storage become separated into ma
NEXT FIT ALGORITHM Here scanning starts from the first fit position and then it finds the next position which is large sufficient to hold the process. Thus the name next fit.
What is the resident set and working set of a process? Resident set is that portion of the process image that is actually in real-memory at a certain instant. Working set is th
An operating system provides the environment within that programs are executed. Internally operating systems differ greatly in their makeup because they are organized along many di
distinguish between dynamic and fixed partitioning
How many disk operations are needed to fetch the i-node for the file /usr/ast/courses/os/handout.t? Assume that the i-node for the root directory is in memory, but nothing else alo
Before proceeding with its execution, every process must obtain all the resources it needs is called Hold and wait
State the advantage of multiprocessor system? The advantages of multiprocessor system are:- a) Enhanced throughput. b) Economy of scale. c) Enhanced re
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