Big bang theory, Science

Assignment Help:

Big Bang theory:

The most important current theory for the origin of  the universe  is the Big Bang theory.According  to this theory, the universe started with'a huge explosion. It was not an explosion like the ones with which we are familiar, which start from a definite centre and spread out.  It was an explosion which occurred everywhere in space at the same time. It  filled all space from  the beginning, with  every particle  of  matter  rushing apart from every other  particle. This was  not  a  burst  of matter into  space but  rather an explosion  of  space itself. Every particle  of  matter  rushed  away from every other particle.  It  is  so far impossible to  'picture'  the  fi~st  moment  of  'creation'  of  the universe. One-hundredth of a second after the creation of  the universe is the earliest time about which scientists can speak with any confidence. At this instant, the temperature of  the universe was about a hundred billion degrees centigrade. This-is much hotter than in the centre of even the hottest star. At such temperatures none of  the components of ordinary matter, atoms, molecules, or even nuclei of  atoms, could have held together. Instead, the matter rushing apart in the explosion consisted of various types of elementary particles. The particles most abundant in the early universe were the electrons, positrons and neutrinos. There were also some protons and neutrons. The rest of  the universe was filled with energy.  It was a kind of  a cosmic soup. As the explosion continued, matter and energy rushed apart, the universe expanded and the temperatures dropped, reaching 30 billion  (3x1010)  degrees centigrade after about one-tenth of  a second; 10 billion degrees after about one second; and 3 billion degrees after about fourteen seconds. At the end of  the first three minutes, the universe became cool enough (about  1  billion 0C)  for the protons and neutrons to begin  to form into simple nuclei. The first to be formed was the nucleus of heavy hydrogen which was made up of one proton and one neutron. There were also helium nuclei made of  two protons and two neutrons.  It was still too hot for atoms to hold together, they were ripped apart as soon as they were created. This matter continued to rush apart, becoming  steadily cooler and less dense.  

Many thousands of years later, it became cool enough for electrons  to  join with nuclei to form atoms of hydrogen and helium. Soon, the resulting gas began  to form clumps under the influence of gravitation. These clumps ultimately  condensed to form the galaxies and stars of  the present-day  universe, almost 5 billion years after the Big Bang. There is another theory about the origin of  the universe known as the steady state theory. This theory holds that  the universe has always been just  about the same as it is now. As it expands, new matter is created continuously to fill up the gaps between  the galaxies. Thus, the problem of  the origin and early moments of  the universe is banished: there was no early universe. However, the Big Bang theory  is the most favoured by  the astronomers and astrophysicists. Why is it  so? This is due  to the evidence based on observations which lend support to the 'Big Bang' universe.  


Related Discussions:- Big bang theory

Ecological Restoraton, Please furnish me with the basic restoration plan f...

Please furnish me with the basic restoration plan for the Marshall wetland located in Liberia. This wetland is of mangrove type, has invasive species (c. Odorata, has a physical p

Requirements for sterilization of glassware , Requirements Glassware li...

Requirements Glassware like flask, petri plates, test tubes, pipettes isi infect ant Cleaning brush Liquid soap solution Bucket Enamel tray/steel tray Aluminium

Explain stereo isomerism, Stereo isomerism:- Stereo  isomerism  occurs ...

Stereo isomerism:- Stereo  isomerism  occurs  when  the  same compound  due  to  different spatial arrangement of the groups attached  to its asymmetric carbon atom exists in m

A lamp chimney lift pump, A lamp chimney lift pump Use a straight-sided...

A lamp chimney lift pump Use a straight-sided lamp chimney as a pump cylinder. Fit a two-hole stopper into the chimney for a piston. If the stopper is a little small wrap some

Explain the erythropoiesis, Explain the Erythropoiesis Erythropoiesis, ...

Explain the Erythropoiesis Erythropoiesis, derived from the word 'erythros' meaning red and 'polesis' meaning making, is a part of a broader process, hemopoiesis, i.e., formati

A tropical storm will be declared a hurricane when, A tropical storm will b...

A tropical storm will be declared a hurricane when: There is evidence of eye formation and sustained wind speeds of 74 mph

CNIDARIANS OBELIA, OBELIA IS CONSIDERED TO BE OF SPECIAL INTEREST IN ZOOLO...

OBELIA IS CONSIDERED TO BE OF SPECIAL INTEREST IN ZOOLOGY AND AS AN ANIMAL SHOWING AN INTERMEDIATE GRADE OF ORGANISATION

How does the study of personality shed light, How does the study of persona...

How does the study of personality shed light onto behavior change for you? Answer: In general, personality means as the sums of the characteristics or traits of the person; to ot

Cell theory, Ask question #Minimumwhat is that definition for cell theory? ...

Ask question #Minimumwhat is that definition for cell theory? 100 words accepted#

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd