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It has been known for a thousand years or more (originating in China) that certain (magnetic) materials would always orientate themselves in a particular direction if suspended to rotate freely. The very earliest experiments in magnetism were done with these materials (permanent magnets) and these clearly showed that two pieces of these materials were able to exert some force at a distance. This force is analogous to gravitational force. We know from our own experience that it exists. Physicists theorise on the causes whilst engineers are more concerned with being able to measure the practical effect and put it to use by devising a suitable method of analysis.Very early experiments by Oersted and Ampere showed that a current carrying conductor also had an effect on magnetic material in its vicinity. Magnetic compasses placed near to a current carrying conductor were deflected. He also found that the direction of deflection depended on the position relative to the wire. Those above the wire were deflected in the opposite direction to those placed below. Ampere quantified the strength of this force in terms of the current and the distance involved. In order to be able to relate these observations to analysis, the concept of a magnetic field was introduced.The presence of a magnetic field may be visualised by drawing imaginary continuous lines of 'magnetic flux', the density of which is a measure of the strength of the field in a given material. Arrows are added to the flux lines to indicate the direction of the magnetic field, from which the direction of the force it produces on, for example, compass needles and current carrying conductors can be deduced. Convention has it that the magnetic field strength is denoted by the symbol H (ampere.turns), whilst magnetic flux density is given the symbol B (Webers/m2).
what are measuring devices?
modes of operation of 8255
UJT as relaxation oscillator: The UJT relaxation oscillator is shown in fig. it consist of a UJT and a capacitor C which is charged through a variable resistance R when VBB is
general functions of time base generator
Q. Explain the working of depletion MOSFET ? The gate voltage can control the resistance of the n-channel but as the gate is insulated from the channel, we can apply either a p
Question: (a) A typical RF filter is made up of sections using circuit components. One example of a section is the Inductor-Capacitor (L-C) section. State two other types of
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UniJunction Transistor: (abbreviated as UJT), also called the double base diode, is a 2 layer, 3 terminal solid state switching device. The device has a unique characteristi
Q. A two-pole, three-phase synchronous generator has a balanced three-phase winding with 15 turns per phase. If the three-phase currents are given by i a = 100 cos 377t, i b =
State and prove parallelogram law of forces and explain it''s applications
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