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Q. Basic defination of program?
A program generally consists of a set of instructions and data specifying the solution of a particular problem. Programs (and data) expressed in the binary system (using 0s and 1s) are known as machine-language programs. Writing programs in this form, which demands a detailed knowledge of the computer structure, is rather tedious and error-prone. Assembly- language programming is developed by using symbolic names, known as mnemonics, and matching machine-language instructions on a more or less one-for-one basis. An assembler is then used to translate assembly-language programs into their equivalent machine-language programs. Because both assembly-language and machine-language programmings are specific to a particular computer, high-level languages (HLL) such as Fortran, Pascal, Basic, LISP, and C have been developed such that programs written by using them could be run on virtually any computer. Also, these are problem-oriented languages, which allow the user to write programs in forms that are as close as possible to the human-oriented languages.
Q. Explain arithmetic shift Micro-operations? In arithmetic shift a signed binary number is shifted to right or to the left. So an arithmetic shift-left causes a number to be m
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