Already have an account? Get multiple benefits of using own account!
Login in your account..!
Remember me
Don't have an account? Create your account in less than a minutes,
Forgot password? how can I recover my password now!
Enter right registered email to receive password!
One of the simplest circuits is the asynchronous or ' ripple' counter. Below is shown the circuit diagram of a simple 3 stage ripple counter.
The operation of this circuit is based on the fact that the truth table for the JK flip flop is only valid if the clock waveform is falling, i.e. 1->0. Assume the outputs are all zero, the flip flops will not change until the clock on each flip flop falls. The clock in waveform has just fallen ,since the JKa inputs are logic '1' the device will toggle and the output will invert i.e. Qa=1. Flip flop B will not change because the clock waveform on B has risen (0->1) and these devices only functions on a falling edge. The clock in waveform has fallen again, so Qa toggles again (i.e. Qa =0), this has just produced a falling clock on JKb and Qb toggles (i.e. Qab=1) .The device has just counted from 000-> 001->010.
The circuit is called a ripple counter because the clock pulse is slowly rippling through the JK's, hence asynchronous (Not at the same time!) .The limitations of the asynchronous counter is the speed of operation. A rough formula for the maximum speed is when the clock changes before the output changes i.e. F = 1 / n x propagation delay where n = number of stages, propagation delay of one JK
A better technique is to use a synchronous design where all the JK are clocked together so the maximum frequency is only limited by the propagation delay of 1 JK.
The circuit appears to be complex in design, however it is easily realised by using state diagrams. The maximum frequency of operation is again roughly calculated by considering the frequency at which the output just changes before the clock in changes. F = 1/ Propagation delay
tension and sag problems
Note, the armature current is produced in pulses as the armature rotates under the poles, so the torque also pulsates. This can give rise to extra wear on bearings and the engin
Q. An 8-bit A/D converter is driven by a 1-MHz clock. Estimate the maximum conversion time if: (a) It is a counter-controlled A/D converter. (b) It is a successive-approximat
Construction of inductor An inductor is usually constructed as a coil of conducting material, typically opper wire, wrapped around a core either of air or ferrous material.
Q. (a) The concept of duality can be extended to nonelectric physical systems bymeans of analogs. For example, the mechanical system characteristics can be investigated by means
Octal to binary Conversion Conversion form octal to binary is the reverse of this process. Express each octal digit in three bit binary equivalent. Ex. Convert 3576
Fly Back Converter In fly back converter an inductor is used is primary winding of transformer. Inductor stores the energy when unregulated DC input is given to the
(a) A wye-connected generator is to be designed to supply a 20-kV three-phase line. Find the terminal line-to-neutral voltage of each phase winding. (b) If the windings of the g
Since past few decades, telecommunication systems are continuously evolving from 2G to 3G to 4G etc. This has resulted in multiple technologies and many types of receivers which do
Q. What do you mean by Instrument transformers? These are generally of two types, potential transformers (PTs) and current transformers (CTs). They are designed in such a way t
Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!
whatsapp: +91-977-207-8620
Phone: +91-977-207-8620
Email: [email protected]
All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd