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Aspect of Tolerance and Dependence:
Drug-abusers are said to be psychologically dependent upon certain drugs. Drugs also induce clear physical dependence in the chronic users. Drug seeking behaviour can dominate the life of the user. The frequent users of drugs or alcohol experience mood changes, irritability, sleep disturbances and other relatively subtle changes when the intake is restricted.
The alcohol dependent individuals have significantly low self acceptances which nieans they are dissatisfied with themselves they show a psychopathic state having low self esteem, high state of anxiety, all of which affect their interpersonal relationships.
Different individuals respond differently to different drug exposure, hence, the genetic makeup of the individual is also implicated. In alcoholism asyndrome of unilateral cerebral dysfunction occurs. It is believed that behaviour in alcoholics is due to reduced central serotinin turnover. When the drug is discontinued impulsive abstinence syndrome occurs.
As heart failure sets in, there is activation of RAS (Fig 2.1). Adrenergic stimulation of beta-1 receptors in juxtaglomerular apparatus of the kidneys results in release of renin.
Hereditary fructose interolance is a rare recessive disorder that is caused by a mutation in the aldolase B gene. As a result of this disorder individuals may have all of the follo
Elderly Is the treatment of hypertension different in elderly? Generally, the target for treatment should be at lower levels in the elderly. This is because, the elderly have
before stem cuttings are planted the cut end of the stem is often dipped in a hormone powder .what is the point of this?
What is the logic of the transfusional compatibility concerning the ABO blood group system? The transfusional compatibility for the ABO system takes into account the antigens s
Patient X has blood plasma levels of Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) that are always very high due to a tumor consisting of Parathyroid Gland cells that secrete high levels of PTH into t
Q. What is the nature of the stimulus received and transmitted by the neurons? Neurons transmit and receive chemical stimuli through neurotransmitters released in the synapses.
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM Bulk of the cytoplasmic compartment of a cell is occupied by complex , continuous channel system in the form a network of closed membrane bound and
Q. What are the lichens? How fungi participate in this ecological interaction? Lichens are formed by mutualist ecological interaction between algae and fungi or between fungi a
R e striction enzyme analysis: The restriction endonuclease analysis of viral DNA fragments or DNA fingerprinting discovered in 1970s has revolutionized the study o
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