Aortic valve replacement-surgical techniques, Biology

Assignment Help:

Aortic Valve replacement :  The initial steps of the operation have been described earlier. Ascending aorta is cannulated. A single two-stage atrio-venous cannula is inserted through the right atrial appendage to IVC. Cardio plegia cannula is inserted into the ascending aorta and a retrograde cardioplegia cannula into the coronary sinus. A left sided vent is inserted through the right superior pulmonary vein. Aorta is clamped at moderate hypothennia (280C). If there is no aortic regurgitation, antegrade blood cardioplegia is given in the aortic root. Ice slush is applied in the pericardiurn to give additional myocardial protection. After heart is arrested, the rest of the cardioplegia is given retrograde. Hypertrophied ventricles need additional infusion of cardioplegia. If there is aortic regurgitation, the aorta is opened and direct antegrade cardioplegia is administered by cannulating the ostia with special hand held coronary arterial perfusion cannulae. A transverse aortotomy 15 mms above the origin of right coronary artery or an oblique one extending on to the non coronary sinus of aorta is made and stay sutures are taken. Lower aortotoiny flap is retracted and aortic valve is inspected. It is excised one cusp at a time leaving 2mm rim for suturing. When the valve is calcified, it has to be removed piece meal. A wet gauze piece is used to pack the inside of left ventricle to collect loose bits of calcium. Using a sharp knife, scissors or a bone rongeur calcium will have to be removed carefully taking precaution over the anterior mitral leaflet and the septum new the AV bundle (under the comrnissure between light and non coronary cusps). The gauze piece from LV is removed. Aorta and LV are washed with saline that is sucked out. Wet peanut gauze is used to clean the areas from where calcium has been removed. Valve orifice is measured and appropriate 'sized valve is chosen.

 


Related Discussions:- Aortic valve replacement-surgical techniques

Cytoplasmic reorganisation, Cytoplasmic Reorganisation Meiosis is also...

Cytoplasmic Reorganisation Meiosis is also associated with major reorganisation of the cytoplasm of MMCs and microspores. Microspore mother cell shows high metabolic activity.

Zoology, living and non living

living and non living

Female reproductive system - vagina, V AGIN A - Median, elastic, musc...

V AGIN A - Median, elastic, muscular tube 7.5 cm long. Open into vestibule by vaginal orffice. The lining forms vaginal rugae. Space between vaginal wall & cervix is forn

Define the binge eating disorder, Define the Binge Eating Disorder? Bin...

Define the Binge Eating Disorder? Binge eating disorder is probably the most common eating disorder. Binge eating you may recall we studied as an element of bulimia nervosa. In

Features of estuaries, Features of Estuaries The physicochemical prop...

Features of Estuaries The physicochemical properties of the estuaries have large variation in several parameters and this often creates stressful environment for organisms. T

Explain the activity of decomposers, Why are producers the first trophic le...

Why are producers the first trophic level to advantage from the activity of decomposers? Decomposers return nutrients in dead tissues and wastes to the soil or water; producers

Nutrient budgets - nutrient cycles, Nutrient Budgets - Nutrient Cycles ...

Nutrient Budgets - Nutrient Cycles Nutrients are constantly being added and removed by natural and artificial processes. The measure of the input and outflow of nutrients thro

Properties of cardiac cells, Properties of Cardiac Cells Automaticall...

Properties of Cardiac Cells Automatically: ability of the heart to initiate impulses regularly and spontaneously. Excitability: ability of cardiac cells to respond to

Hormones of pancreas, HORMONE S OF PANCREAS AND THEIR ROLE - (i) Glu...

HORMONE S OF PANCREAS AND THEIR ROLE - (i) Glucagon (Secreted by a-cells) It stimulates the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose. Glucagon is controlled b

What is bioremediation, Question 1 Write a short note on the following ...

Question 1 Write a short note on the following Impactors Land fills Bio stimulation Green house effects Question 2 What is bioremediation? Give an account o

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd