Antibody structure, Biology

Assignment Help:

Antibody Structure:

An antibody molecule consist of two alike light chains (220 amino acids each) ad two similar heavy chains (about 440-450 amino acids each) held together by disulfide bridges; this create the monomeric form of antibody. Enzymes papain cleaves particular monomeric form into two fragments that bind to the antigen (designated as FAB; fragment with antigen binding) and one fragment which does bid to antigen but make crystals (so it's called Fc, crystal forming fragment).

Approximate 100 amino acid long amino-terminal ends of both light and heavy chains add up to their variable region denoted VL and VH, correspondingly; the amino acid sequence of this regions of the heavy and light chains are known constant region (designated as CH and CL, correspondingly) as there is little variation in the amino acid sequence of this region between the antibodies belonging to the same class.

Every antibody molecule has two antigen-binding domains or sites, particular domain being constituted by the variable regions of one light and one heavy chains of an antibody molecule form its effectors function domain that determines its interaction with the other components of the immune system. The light chains are of two types: and lambda (λ) and Kappa (K) ; the type of a light chain is find out by its constant region.

Different genes encode the Kappa (located in human chromosome 2) and lambda (chromosome 22) light chains, and the heavy chain (chromosome 14).

The variable region of particular chain contains 3 highly variable regions known hyper variable regions and denoted as CDR1CDR2and CDR3 (CDR = complementarily-determining region) divided by 4 constant regions known framework regions (this is designated as FR1, FR2FR3FR4). The constant region of particular heavy chain has 3 homologous regions (CH1CH2 and CH3) which most likely originated from a common parental gene (3 tandem repeats of the parental gene, by following mutations).


Related Discussions:- Antibody structure

Echinoderm - circulatory and nervous system, Q. Echinoderm identity card. H...

Q. Echinoderm identity card. How are echinoderms characterized according to examples of representing beings, basic morphology, type of symmetry, germ layers and coelom, respiratory

Tissue Cells, How is an Epithelial cell made?

How is an Epithelial cell made?

Define the term - the dna transistor, Regarding the article "The DNA Transi...

Regarding the article "The DNA Transistor" which of the following is a false statement? A. The DNA transistor refers to the use of an electrical sensor to read one nucleotide a

Define antioxidant activity of manganese, Define Antioxidant Activity of ma...

Define Antioxidant Activity of manganese? As Mn is a component of mitochondrial Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), it can protect against oxidative damage. In-vitro experiments have i

Advise on rest, Advise on Rest, recreation, sleep The patient should t...

Advise on Rest, recreation, sleep The patient should take enough rest and get good sleep. Restrict the visitors so that the patient can get enough rest. Not to strain th

Physical weathering-weathering of rocks, Physical Weathering Mechanical...

Physical Weathering Mechanical forces acting upon the rocks cause physical weathering. Temperature fluctuations cause expansion and contraction of rock surface resulting in the

Concepts and definitions in relation to nutrient requirement, Concepts and ...

Concepts and Definitions in Relation to Nutrient Requirements 1) The probability concept describes the relationship between the levels of intake and the probability of risk of

Internal mammary artery-long term patency, Internal Mammary Artery (1MA) : ...

Internal Mammary Artery (1MA) :  This is an excellent graft. When left internal mammary artery (LIMA) is anastomosed to LAD, which has more than 70 per cent block, patency at

Placement of implant with improper axial angulation, Placement of implant w...

Placement of implant with improper axial angulation Surgical placement of the implant improperly can lead to a prosthetic rehabilitation that compromises esthetics and the dist

Dna, Double helical structure of dna

Double helical structure of dna

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd