Antibody structure, Biology

Assignment Help:

Antibody Structure:

An antibody molecule consist of two alike light chains (220 amino acids each) ad two similar heavy chains (about 440-450 amino acids each) held together by disulfide bridges; this create the monomeric form of antibody. Enzymes papain cleaves particular monomeric form into two fragments that bind to the antigen (designated as FAB; fragment with antigen binding) and one fragment which does bid to antigen but make crystals (so it's called Fc, crystal forming fragment).

Approximate 100 amino acid long amino-terminal ends of both light and heavy chains add up to their variable region denoted VL and VH, correspondingly; the amino acid sequence of this regions of the heavy and light chains are known constant region (designated as CH and CL, correspondingly) as there is little variation in the amino acid sequence of this region between the antibodies belonging to the same class.

Every antibody molecule has two antigen-binding domains or sites, particular domain being constituted by the variable regions of one light and one heavy chains of an antibody molecule form its effectors function domain that determines its interaction with the other components of the immune system. The light chains are of two types: and lambda (λ) and Kappa (K) ; the type of a light chain is find out by its constant region.

Different genes encode the Kappa (located in human chromosome 2) and lambda (chromosome 22) light chains, and the heavy chain (chromosome 14).

The variable region of particular chain contains 3 highly variable regions known hyper variable regions and denoted as CDR1CDR2and CDR3 (CDR = complementarily-determining region) divided by 4 constant regions known framework regions (this is designated as FR1, FR2FR3FR4). The constant region of particular heavy chain has 3 homologous regions (CH1CH2 and CH3) which most likely originated from a common parental gene (3 tandem repeats of the parental gene, by following mutations).


Related Discussions:- Antibody structure

Define the medical complications of bulimia nervosa, Define the Medical Com...

Define the Medical Complications of Bulimia Nervosa? The medical complications of bulimia nervosa range from fairly benign, transient symptoms, such as fatigue, bloating and co

Explain class adverse effects of nnrti, Class adverse effects of NNRTI ...

Class adverse effects of NNRTI All NNRTIs can cause a rash that is sometimes severe. NNRTIs are metabolized by and can affect hepatic CYP 450 isozymes; drug interactions can o

Measurement and evaluation of food texture, Q. Measurement and Evaluation o...

Q. Measurement and Evaluation of Food Texture? Kinesthetic characteristics deal with the sense of feel, just like the characteristics of appearance deal with the sense of sight

Evolutionary species concept, The evolutionary species concept which ident...

The evolutionary species concept which identifies a species as a "lineage (i.e. ancestor descendant sequence of population) evolving separately from others with its own unitary ro

What are the non-protein ingredients, What are the non-protein ingredients ...

What are the non-protein ingredients The methods utilized for the removal of non-protein ingredients should be such that it should not affect the nutritional and functional pro

Mulluscas., economic importance of mulluscas

economic importance of mulluscas

What is the difference between octopuses and mussels, What is the differenc...

What is the difference between octopuses and mussels regarding their circulatory systems? How does that difference influence the mobility of these animals? Cephalopod molluscs,

Production diseases, Pr o d u c t i o n Diseases The production...

Pr o d u c t i o n Diseases The production diseases, which were previously referred as metabolic diseases, include diseases like parturient paresis (milk fever), downer

What is the essential morphology of a protozoan cell, Q. What is the essent...

Q. What is the essential morphology of a protozoan cell? Protozoans are eukaryotic cells so they have structures and organelles common to this kind of cell endoplasmic reticula

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd