Antibody structure, Biology

Assignment Help:

Antibody Structure:

An antibody molecule consist of two alike light chains (220 amino acids each) ad two similar heavy chains (about 440-450 amino acids each) held together by disulfide bridges; this create the monomeric form of antibody. Enzymes papain cleaves particular monomeric form into two fragments that bind to the antigen (designated as FAB; fragment with antigen binding) and one fragment which does bid to antigen but make crystals (so it's called Fc, crystal forming fragment).

Approximate 100 amino acid long amino-terminal ends of both light and heavy chains add up to their variable region denoted VL and VH, correspondingly; the amino acid sequence of this regions of the heavy and light chains are known constant region (designated as CH and CL, correspondingly) as there is little variation in the amino acid sequence of this region between the antibodies belonging to the same class.

Every antibody molecule has two antigen-binding domains or sites, particular domain being constituted by the variable regions of one light and one heavy chains of an antibody molecule form its effectors function domain that determines its interaction with the other components of the immune system. The light chains are of two types: and lambda (λ) and Kappa (K) ; the type of a light chain is find out by its constant region.

Different genes encode the Kappa (located in human chromosome 2) and lambda (chromosome 22) light chains, and the heavy chain (chromosome 14).

The variable region of particular chain contains 3 highly variable regions known hyper variable regions and denoted as CDR1CDR2and CDR3 (CDR = complementarily-determining region) divided by 4 constant regions known framework regions (this is designated as FR1, FR2FR3FR4). The constant region of particular heavy chain has 3 homologous regions (CH1CH2 and CH3) which most likely originated from a common parental gene (3 tandem repeats of the parental gene, by following mutations).


Related Discussions:- Antibody structure

Structure of human testis, Structure of human testis: The male repro...

Structure of human testis: The male reproductive system consists of a pair of testis. Testis are male reproductive organs and produce (male gametes) sperms and also secrete

Explain nutrient needs and recommended dietary allowances, Explain Nutrient...

Explain Nutrient needs and Recommended Dietary Allowances? For infants and preschoolers, satisfactory growth is a sensitive criterion of whether needs are met. 50 th percentil

Define general nutritional functions of minerals, Define General Nutritiona...

Define General Nutritional Functions of Minerals? We hear and talk about minerals almost everyday with regards to maintaining good health. But what are minerals and what functi

What are the major human diseases caused by virus, Q. What are the major hu...

Q. What are the major human diseases caused by virus? Among diseases caused by virus are common cold, variola (considered eradicated nowadays), mumps, measles, rubella, AIDS, t

Blood flow systemic circuit (hepatic portal system) and the , Trace the flo...

Trace the flow of blood through the systemic circuit (hepatic portal system) and the pulmonary circuit, beginning and ending in the left ventricle. You will be using named chamber

Atp is an endothermic reaction., Production of ATP is an endothermic reacti...

Production of ATP is an endothermic reaction. How much energy in Kcal is having in 1 molecule of  ATP?

Slow walking or crawling, Slow walking or Crawling This type of locom...

Slow walking or Crawling This type of locomotion is seen while the animal moves on the substratum. It involves a metachronal rhythm of action in the parapodia. Each fifth or

Illustrate the functional properties of proteins, Functional properties of ...

Functional properties of protiens Immunoproteins such as C-reactive protein, Opsonin Immunoglobulins, Contractile respiratory, structural, enzymatic,

What are the lateral meristems, What are the lateral meristems? Where can t...

What are the lateral meristems? Where can they be found and which kind of plant growth do they promote? The Lateral or the secondary, meristems, are the cambium and the phellog

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd