Antibody structure, Biology

Assignment Help:

Antibody Structure:

An antibody molecule consist of two alike light chains (220 amino acids each) ad two similar heavy chains (about 440-450 amino acids each) held together by disulfide bridges; this create the monomeric form of antibody. Enzymes papain cleaves particular monomeric form into two fragments that bind to the antigen (designated as FAB; fragment with antigen binding) and one fragment which does bid to antigen but make crystals (so it's called Fc, crystal forming fragment).

Approximate 100 amino acid long amino-terminal ends of both light and heavy chains add up to their variable region denoted VL and VH, correspondingly; the amino acid sequence of this regions of the heavy and light chains are known constant region (designated as CH and CL, correspondingly) as there is little variation in the amino acid sequence of this region between the antibodies belonging to the same class.

Every antibody molecule has two antigen-binding domains or sites, particular domain being constituted by the variable regions of one light and one heavy chains of an antibody molecule form its effectors function domain that determines its interaction with the other components of the immune system. The light chains are of two types: and lambda (λ) and Kappa (K) ; the type of a light chain is find out by its constant region.

Different genes encode the Kappa (located in human chromosome 2) and lambda (chromosome 22) light chains, and the heavy chain (chromosome 14).

The variable region of particular chain contains 3 highly variable regions known hyper variable regions and denoted as CDR1CDR2and CDR3 (CDR = complementarily-determining region) divided by 4 constant regions known framework regions (this is designated as FR1, FR2FR3FR4). The constant region of particular heavy chain has 3 homologous regions (CH1CH2 and CH3) which most likely originated from a common parental gene (3 tandem repeats of the parental gene, by following mutations).


Related Discussions:- Antibody structure

Define nutritional needs during recovery, Define nutritional needs During R...

Define nutritional needs During Recovery? Here, let us discuss what should be the nutritional goals based on the physiological aspects involved. Goals: The main emphasis mus

Bovine leukemia, B ov i n e leukemia Bovine leukemia, also known as...

B ov i n e leukemia Bovine leukemia, also known as bovine lymphosarcoma or leucosis, is a lymphoproliferative neoplastic disease of bovines. The virus belongs to genus Delt

Illustrate numerical taxonomy, Q. Illustrate Numerical Taxonomy? Taxono...

Q. Illustrate Numerical Taxonomy? Taxonomy today is, in many dctails, different from what it was a generation ago. The use of computers by taxonomists has established an intere

Determine the occurrence of vitamin D, Occurrence of Vitamin D Choleca...

Occurrence of Vitamin D Cholecalciferol is synthesized in the skin by the action of ultraviolet light on 7-dehydrocholesterol which is widely distributed in animal fat. Vitami

Explain about the cancer, Explain about the Cancer? The word 'cancer' c...

Explain about the Cancer? The word 'cancer' comes from the Latin for crab. It refers 90 any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division. Body ce

Explain contractile proteins, Explain Contractile Proteins These protei...

Explain Contractile Proteins These proteins participate in contractile processes such as muscle proteins as well as those found in other  cells and tissues. In the latter, thes

Solar energy input, Solar Energy Input We know that the spectral distri...

Solar Energy Input We know that the spectral distribution and the intensity of solar radiation incident on the earth's surface are known. Of the enormous'amount of energy that

Chitra valve-types of valves, Chitra Valve :  This valve was desi...

Chitra Valve :  This valve was designed and developed at Sri.Chitra Institute of Medical Sciences in Thiruvananthapuram and marketed by TTK Industries. It is a tilting di

Explain insect resistance, In 2003 nearly 70 million hectares globally were...

In 2003 nearly 70 million hectares globally were planted in genetically modi?ed crops. Of these, 73%  were plants such as soybean, corn and cotton, which were modi?ed to be he

Pulmonary valvotomy on cardio pulmonary bypass, Pulmonary Valvotomy on ...

Pulmonary Valvotomy on Cardio Pulmonary Bypass :  Patient is connected to cardio pulmonary bypass using ascending aortic cannula and single 01- double (preferred) ven

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd