Antibody structure, Biology

Assignment Help:

Antibody Structure:

An antibody molecule consist of two alike light chains (220 amino acids each) ad two similar heavy chains (about 440-450 amino acids each) held together by disulfide bridges; this create the monomeric form of antibody. Enzymes papain cleaves particular monomeric form into two fragments that bind to the antigen (designated as FAB; fragment with antigen binding) and one fragment which does bid to antigen but make crystals (so it's called Fc, crystal forming fragment).

Approximate 100 amino acid long amino-terminal ends of both light and heavy chains add up to their variable region denoted VL and VH, correspondingly; the amino acid sequence of this regions of the heavy and light chains are known constant region (designated as CH and CL, correspondingly) as there is little variation in the amino acid sequence of this region between the antibodies belonging to the same class.

Every antibody molecule has two antigen-binding domains or sites, particular domain being constituted by the variable regions of one light and one heavy chains of an antibody molecule form its effectors function domain that determines its interaction with the other components of the immune system. The light chains are of two types: and lambda (λ) and Kappa (K) ; the type of a light chain is find out by its constant region.

Different genes encode the Kappa (located in human chromosome 2) and lambda (chromosome 22) light chains, and the heavy chain (chromosome 14).

The variable region of particular chain contains 3 highly variable regions known hyper variable regions and denoted as CDR1CDR2and CDR3 (CDR = complementarily-determining region) divided by 4 constant regions known framework regions (this is designated as FR1, FR2FR3FR4). The constant region of particular heavy chain has 3 homologous regions (CH1CH2 and CH3) which most likely originated from a common parental gene (3 tandem repeats of the parental gene, by following mutations).


Related Discussions:- Antibody structure

Small for gestational age & intrauterine growth retardation, Define Small f...

Define Small for Gestational Age and Intrauterine Growth Retardation? Small for Gestational Age (SGA) is defined as infants affected by intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).

What do we mean by the term isomer, What do we mean by  the term isomer? ...

What do we mean by  the term isomer? Existence of different compounds having  same molecular form  but dtfferent structural  forms  are isomers. Monosaccharides exhibit a varie

Chemical properties of carbohydrates, CHEMICA L PROPERTIES Monosacchar...

CHEMICA L PROPERTIES Monosaccharides have two special chemical properties (i) Reducing Nature. All the monosaccharides are reducing sugars. It can reduce Cu2

Explain the failure to management of ledge, Explain the Failure to Manageme...

Explain the Failure to Management of Ledge Apical transportation or perforation: movement of the physiological foramen to a new iatrogenic location. Three types of apical tr

Procedure for testing vanaspati and rancidity in ghee, Procedure for testin...

Procedure for testing Presence of Vanaspati and Rancidity in Ghee? Carry out the steps enumerated herewith for conducting this exercise. For Vanaspati Checking: 1. Take 5

Conjugation - patterns of sexual reproduction, Conjugation - Patterns of Se...

Conjugation - Patterns of Sexual Reproduction Conjugation is a temporary union among two individuals of the same species, during which the original macronucleus disintegrates,

Show the probability to predict the ratios of progeny, Use the rules of pro...

Use the rules of probability to predict the ratios of progeny expected from two parents who are heterozygous for albinism. Note: Albinism is recessive to normal skin color. 1) What

Define dietary management of cancer patients, Define Dietary Management of ...

Define Dietary Management of Cancer Patients and Feeding Problems Related To Cancer Therapy? We took an overview about the general nutritional requirements of cancer patients.

Synthetic Biology, I need analysis of Stza gene in Aspergillus nidulans thr...

I need analysis of Stza gene in Aspergillus nidulans through synthetic biology, OpenWetWare and Biobricks

What do energy pyramids represent, Normal 0 false false fal...

Normal 0 false false false EN-IN X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd