Antibody structure, Biology

Assignment Help:

Antibody Structure:

An antibody molecule consist of two alike light chains (220 amino acids each) ad two similar heavy chains (about 440-450 amino acids each) held together by disulfide bridges; this create the monomeric form of antibody. Enzymes papain cleaves particular monomeric form into two fragments that bind to the antigen (designated as FAB; fragment with antigen binding) and one fragment which does bid to antigen but make crystals (so it's called Fc, crystal forming fragment).

Approximate 100 amino acid long amino-terminal ends of both light and heavy chains add up to their variable region denoted VL and VH, correspondingly; the amino acid sequence of this regions of the heavy and light chains are known constant region (designated as CH and CL, correspondingly) as there is little variation in the amino acid sequence of this region between the antibodies belonging to the same class.

Every antibody molecule has two antigen-binding domains or sites, particular domain being constituted by the variable regions of one light and one heavy chains of an antibody molecule form its effectors function domain that determines its interaction with the other components of the immune system. The light chains are of two types: and lambda (λ) and Kappa (K) ; the type of a light chain is find out by its constant region.

Different genes encode the Kappa (located in human chromosome 2) and lambda (chromosome 22) light chains, and the heavy chain (chromosome 14).

The variable region of particular chain contains 3 highly variable regions known hyper variable regions and denoted as CDR1CDR2and CDR3 (CDR = complementarily-determining region) divided by 4 constant regions known framework regions (this is designated as FR1, FR2FR3FR4). The constant region of particular heavy chain has 3 homologous regions (CH1CH2 and CH3) which most likely originated from a common parental gene (3 tandem repeats of the parental gene, by following mutations).


Related Discussions:- Antibody structure

Karyokinesis, It is the preparatory phase. Cell organelle replicate and siz...

It is the preparatory phase. Cell organelle replicate and size of the cell increases. DNA molecule undergoes replication. Each chromosome exists as a pair of chromatids joined toge

Mineralisation and humification-formation of soil, Mineralisation and Humif...

Mineralisation and Humification As a result of physical weathering, the rocks are broken down into smaller particles. But this is not the true soil, and plants cannot grow well

Give examples of both aerobic and anaerobic exercises, Give examples of bot...

Give examples of both aerobic and anaerobic exercises Games like foot ball and basket ball, involve  both aerobic and anaerobic exercises. As you are aware, in modern times a n

Sample outline of child history questionnaire, Sample Outline of Child Hist...

Sample Outline of Child History Questionnaire Basic identifying data: Child's name Date of birth Date of evaluation Person referring for evaluation Per

Oncogene, Oncogene is the gene in a tumor virus or in the cancerous cells ...

Oncogene is the gene in a tumor virus or in the cancerous cells which, when transferred into the other cells, can cause the transformation (note which only certain cells are susce

What can be deduced about the genotype, In pet rabbits, brown coat colour i...

In pet rabbits, brown coat colour is recessive to black coat colour. A black female rabbit gives birth to four black-coated and three brown-coated baby rabbits. What can be deduced

Benefit of hypothermic, Normal 0 false false false EN-I...

Normal 0 false false false EN-IN X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4

Types of hypertension, Types of hypertension are as follows: Essential ...

Types of hypertension are as follows: Essential Hypertension is called essential when no apparent cause is suspected or detected. This accounts for almost 90 per cent of pati

Explain gum tragacanth, Gum Tragacanth  Gum tragacanth, the exudation o...

Gum Tragacanth  Gum tragacanth, the exudation of Astragalus species, is defined as the "dried gummy exudate" obtained from Astragalus gummifer Labillardiere. Gum tragacanth is

Explain lipid transport in nutritional care, Explain Lipid Transport in Nut...

Explain Lipid Transport in Nutritional Care? Proteins provide the transport mechanism for lipids by forming lipoproteins. This helps to prevent fatty infiltration and hence pro

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd