Antibody structure, Biology

Assignment Help:

Antibody Structure:

An antibody molecule consist of two alike light chains (220 amino acids each) ad two similar heavy chains (about 440-450 amino acids each) held together by disulfide bridges; this create the monomeric form of antibody. Enzymes papain cleaves particular monomeric form into two fragments that bind to the antigen (designated as FAB; fragment with antigen binding) and one fragment which does bid to antigen but make crystals (so it's called Fc, crystal forming fragment).

Approximate 100 amino acid long amino-terminal ends of both light and heavy chains add up to their variable region denoted VL and VH, correspondingly; the amino acid sequence of this regions of the heavy and light chains are known constant region (designated as CH and CL, correspondingly) as there is little variation in the amino acid sequence of this region between the antibodies belonging to the same class.

Every antibody molecule has two antigen-binding domains or sites, particular domain being constituted by the variable regions of one light and one heavy chains of an antibody molecule form its effectors function domain that determines its interaction with the other components of the immune system. The light chains are of two types: and lambda (λ) and Kappa (K) ; the type of a light chain is find out by its constant region.

Different genes encode the Kappa (located in human chromosome 2) and lambda (chromosome 22) light chains, and the heavy chain (chromosome 14).

The variable region of particular chain contains 3 highly variable regions known hyper variable regions and denoted as CDR1CDR2and CDR3 (CDR = complementarily-determining region) divided by 4 constant regions known framework regions (this is designated as FR1, FR2FR3FR4). The constant region of particular heavy chain has 3 homologous regions (CH1CH2 and CH3) which most likely originated from a common parental gene (3 tandem repeats of the parental gene, by following mutations).


Related Discussions:- Antibody structure

Crisis due to deforestation, Crisis due to Deforestation Due to conti...

Crisis due to Deforestation Due to continuing deforestation we are faced with a major ecological and socio-economic crisis. To reverse this trend of deforestation a National

Protostomes, differences between acoelomate,coelomate and pseudocoelomate

differences between acoelomate,coelomate and pseudocoelomate

Criticism of lamarckism, point out the criticism of lamarckism in any six s...

point out the criticism of lamarckism in any six short points.

How to increase the ratio of nadh, Certain conditions such as excessive alc...

Certain conditions such as excessive alcohol consumption can increase the ratio of NADH/NAD+ in the mitochondria. This will directly inhibit which of the following enzymes? -cit

What are plant cell vacuoles, What are plant cell vacuoles? What are their ...

What are plant cell vacuoles? What are their functions? How is the covering membrane of the vacuoles called? Ans) Plant cell vacuoles are cell structures delimited by membranes

What is the importance of pre procedural rinse, Q. What is the importance o...

Q. What is the importance of pre procedural rinse? Patients' use of an anti-microbial mouthwash of 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate solution for 30 seconds prior to intra-oral pro

Proteins requirement in dyslipidemia, Q. Proteins requirement in dyslipidem...

Q. Proteins requirement in dyslipidemia? Proteins: While the quantity of protein does not impose any significant impact on the serum lipoproteins, it is the quality of protein,

Biological nitrogen-fixation, Biological Nitrogen-Fixation The process...

Biological Nitrogen-Fixation The process by which molecular nitrogen (N 2 ) is reduced to ammonia (NH 3 ) is called nitrogen-fixation (N 2 -fixation). This is the most importa

Reproduction and life cycles – protozoan, Reproduction and Life Cycles – Pr...

Reproduction and Life Cycles – Protozoan Asexual reproduction occurs in all protozoan through fission, budding and cyst formation. In this method the organism reproduces to fo

Homework, 1) a) Initially, how do skeletal muscles (the type of muscle atta...

1) a) Initially, how do skeletal muscles (the type of muscle attached to bones) make ATP? b) write the reaction for this procss (Crp +ADP => Cr + ATP) as a ''coupled'' reaction, id

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd