Antibody structure, Biology

Assignment Help:

Antibody Structure:

An antibody molecule consist of two alike light chains (220 amino acids each) ad two similar heavy chains (about 440-450 amino acids each) held together by disulfide bridges; this create the monomeric form of antibody. Enzymes papain cleaves particular monomeric form into two fragments that bind to the antigen (designated as FAB; fragment with antigen binding) and one fragment which does bid to antigen but make crystals (so it's called Fc, crystal forming fragment).

Approximate 100 amino acid long amino-terminal ends of both light and heavy chains add up to their variable region denoted VL and VH, correspondingly; the amino acid sequence of this regions of the heavy and light chains are known constant region (designated as CH and CL, correspondingly) as there is little variation in the amino acid sequence of this region between the antibodies belonging to the same class.

Every antibody molecule has two antigen-binding domains or sites, particular domain being constituted by the variable regions of one light and one heavy chains of an antibody molecule form its effectors function domain that determines its interaction with the other components of the immune system. The light chains are of two types: and lambda (λ) and Kappa (K) ; the type of a light chain is find out by its constant region.

Different genes encode the Kappa (located in human chromosome 2) and lambda (chromosome 22) light chains, and the heavy chain (chromosome 14).

The variable region of particular chain contains 3 highly variable regions known hyper variable regions and denoted as CDR1CDR2and CDR3 (CDR = complementarily-determining region) divided by 4 constant regions known framework regions (this is designated as FR1, FR2FR3FR4). The constant region of particular heavy chain has 3 homologous regions (CH1CH2 and CH3) which most likely originated from a common parental gene (3 tandem repeats of the parental gene, by following mutations).


Related Discussions:- Antibody structure

Define the advatages of potassium, Define the advatages of Potassium Th...

Define the advatages of Potassium The gross impact of these effects on crop production is manifested  in several ways. Perhaps the first visible indication of a potassium defic

Oogenesis, Oogenesis Oogenesis is the formation of ovum from oogonial...

Oogenesis Oogenesis is the formation of ovum from oogonial cells that are formed in the ovary from primordial germ cells. And as in spermatogenesis it involves meiosis to pro

Determine the factors that influence manganese absorption, Determine the Fa...

Determine the Factors that Influence manganese absorption? Let us now see which factors influence Mn absorption. Major factors which may influence the absorption of this min

Explain the advantages and disadvantages of insulin pen, Advantages of Insu...

Advantages of Insulin Pen - More convenient and easier to transport than traditional vial and syringe. - More accurate doses. - Easier to use for those with visual or fin

How formation of gametes begin in women, In which period of life does the f...

In which period of life does the formation of gametes begin in women? The meiosis that forms female gametes begins in the cells of the ovarian follicles before birth. After the

Rabies, R a b i e s It is also known as lyssa, and hydrophobia in ...

R a b i e s It is also known as lyssa, and hydrophobia in human beings. This fatal disease is characterized by altered behavior, deranged consciousness, laryngeal paralysi

Describe the the growth of the plants in the 2 groups, There has not been r...

There has not been rain for several months. A biologist is driving down the highway and notices that a large number of corn fields have corn that is wilted and short. She wonders i

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd