Antibody structure, Biology

Assignment Help:

Antibody Structure:

An antibody molecule consist of two alike light chains (220 amino acids each) ad two similar heavy chains (about 440-450 amino acids each) held together by disulfide bridges; this create the monomeric form of antibody. Enzymes papain cleaves particular monomeric form into two fragments that bind to the antigen (designated as FAB; fragment with antigen binding) and one fragment which does bid to antigen but make crystals (so it's called Fc, crystal forming fragment).

Approximate 100 amino acid long amino-terminal ends of both light and heavy chains add up to their variable region denoted VL and VH, correspondingly; the amino acid sequence of this regions of the heavy and light chains are known constant region (designated as CH and CL, correspondingly) as there is little variation in the amino acid sequence of this region between the antibodies belonging to the same class.

Every antibody molecule has two antigen-binding domains or sites, particular domain being constituted by the variable regions of one light and one heavy chains of an antibody molecule form its effectors function domain that determines its interaction with the other components of the immune system. The light chains are of two types: and lambda (λ) and Kappa (K) ; the type of a light chain is find out by its constant region.

Different genes encode the Kappa (located in human chromosome 2) and lambda (chromosome 22) light chains, and the heavy chain (chromosome 14).

The variable region of particular chain contains 3 highly variable regions known hyper variable regions and denoted as CDR1CDR2and CDR3 (CDR = complementarily-determining region) divided by 4 constant regions known framework regions (this is designated as FR1, FR2FR3FR4). The constant region of particular heavy chain has 3 homologous regions (CH1CH2 and CH3) which most likely originated from a common parental gene (3 tandem repeats of the parental gene, by following mutations).


Related Discussions:- Antibody structure

Topic test, In what way do investigations build scientific knowledge?

In what way do investigations build scientific knowledge?

What is the importance of pantothenic acid, What is the Importance of panto...

What is the Importance of pantothenic acid One of the active forms of pantothenic acid is coenzyme A, which is involved in numerous metabolic functions. It is involved in t

Determine the term mentalis, Mentalis The mental tubercles on either si...

Mentalis The mental tubercles on either side of mental protruberance(in midline) gives origin to the mentalis muscle. Above the mentalis origin, the incisivus muscle takes orig

Describe amoebae - paramecia and trichomonas, Q How do amoebae, paramecia a...

Q How do amoebae, paramecia and trichomonas respectively move? Amoebae move by amoeboid movements small invaginations and projections of their plasma membrane (pseudopods) that

Illustrate the major events of the final mitotic period, Q. What are the ma...

Q. What are the major events of the final mitotic period? The final mitotic phase is the telophase. In the telophase the following events occur decondensation of chromosomes ea

Indications for surgery-pericardial effusion, Pericardial Effusion:  Indica...

Pericardial Effusion:  Indications for Surgery: Pericardial effusion may be the result of peiicarditis due to infection, autoimmune disease or neoplasm. Non-inflammatoly diseases

Why all specialization occurred during this time period, There is a lot of ...

There is a lot of dataset and hypothese that attempt to explain why there was a Cambrian Explosion. Using all supporting ideas, explain and write a paragraph on why all this specia

Metabolism, What is Metabolism ?  The  sum total of vital activities ( ...

What is Metabolism ?  The  sum total of vital activities ( movements , nutrition, growth, respiration, excretion , reproduction, behaviour ,etc.  Is the  life  of a living  bei

Can you explain pus, Q. What is pus? Pus is a residual of the inflammat...

Q. What is pus? Pus is a residual of the inflammatory reaction and it contains a mixture of fragments of dead infectious agents (generally bacteria), leukocytes and tissues.

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd