Antibody structure, Biology

Assignment Help:

Antibody Structure:

An antibody molecule consist of two alike light chains (220 amino acids each) ad two similar heavy chains (about 440-450 amino acids each) held together by disulfide bridges; this create the monomeric form of antibody. Enzymes papain cleaves particular monomeric form into two fragments that bind to the antigen (designated as FAB; fragment with antigen binding) and one fragment which does bid to antigen but make crystals (so it's called Fc, crystal forming fragment).

Approximate 100 amino acid long amino-terminal ends of both light and heavy chains add up to their variable region denoted VL and VH, correspondingly; the amino acid sequence of this regions of the heavy and light chains are known constant region (designated as CH and CL, correspondingly) as there is little variation in the amino acid sequence of this region between the antibodies belonging to the same class.

Every antibody molecule has two antigen-binding domains or sites, particular domain being constituted by the variable regions of one light and one heavy chains of an antibody molecule form its effectors function domain that determines its interaction with the other components of the immune system. The light chains are of two types: and lambda (λ) and Kappa (K) ; the type of a light chain is find out by its constant region.

Different genes encode the Kappa (located in human chromosome 2) and lambda (chromosome 22) light chains, and the heavy chain (chromosome 14).

The variable region of particular chain contains 3 highly variable regions known hyper variable regions and denoted as CDR1CDR2and CDR3 (CDR = complementarily-determining region) divided by 4 constant regions known framework regions (this is designated as FR1, FR2FR3FR4). The constant region of particular heavy chain has 3 homologous regions (CH1CH2 and CH3) which most likely originated from a common parental gene (3 tandem repeats of the parental gene, by following mutations).


Related Discussions:- Antibody structure

Pluripotent scs:grouping of stem cells, Pluripotent SCs : Characterizing...

Pluripotent SCs : Characterizing more restricted abilities for differentiation.their sources are some celles blastocyst (5-14 days) embroys, so can from over 200 cells types i.e

Thyroid gland, THYROID GLAND - It develops from the endoderm of the ...

THYROID GLAND - It develops from the endoderm of the embryo. Th e thyroid gland is the largest endocrine gland located anterior to the thyroid cartilage of the larynx

Name the two groups of nephrons, Name the two groups of nephrons on the bas...

Name the two groups of nephrons on the basis of their position in the kidney. How are they different from each other? a) How is the halophyte Rhizophora adapted to survive in i

What is joints in human biology, What is Joints Joints are locations...

What is Joints Joints are locations where two or more bones come together, or articulate. Bones are joined with varying degrees of rigidity. Joints may be fixed, as in the s

Explain serum lipoprotiens, Explain Serum lipoprotiens Serum lipoprot...

Explain Serum lipoprotiens Serum lipoprotiens:- spherical  or  ellipsoidal  particles containing  proteins, cholesterol esters  and  triacylglycerols, encased  within  a mon

Medicinal value - conservation of wildlife, Medicinal Value - Conservation ...

Medicinal Value - Conservation of Wildlife About 40% of all drugs used throughout the world have active ingredients extracted from plants and animals. The world-wide annual sa

What are the bone cells, Bone Cells Bone cells may be divided into two ...

Bone Cells Bone cells may be divided into two broad classifications depending on whether they make bone or resorb it. Osteoblasts make bone, while Osteoclasts resorb or take aw

What is the definition of ecology explain, What is the Definition of Ecolog...

What is the Definition of Ecology explain? Scientists use the term ecology to refer to the study of the relationships between organisms, and the relationships between organism

Explain changes in gastrointestinal tract of infants, Explain changes in ga...

Explain changes in gastrointestinal tract of infants? A full term baby has the ability to digest simple proteins, carbohydrates and emulsified fats. In first 3-4 months, the p

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd