Antibody structure, Biology

Assignment Help:

Antibody Structure:

An antibody molecule consist of two alike light chains (220 amino acids each) ad two similar heavy chains (about 440-450 amino acids each) held together by disulfide bridges; this create the monomeric form of antibody. Enzymes papain cleaves particular monomeric form into two fragments that bind to the antigen (designated as FAB; fragment with antigen binding) and one fragment which does bid to antigen but make crystals (so it's called Fc, crystal forming fragment).

Approximate 100 amino acid long amino-terminal ends of both light and heavy chains add up to their variable region denoted VL and VH, correspondingly; the amino acid sequence of this regions of the heavy and light chains are known constant region (designated as CH and CL, correspondingly) as there is little variation in the amino acid sequence of this region between the antibodies belonging to the same class.

Every antibody molecule has two antigen-binding domains or sites, particular domain being constituted by the variable regions of one light and one heavy chains of an antibody molecule form its effectors function domain that determines its interaction with the other components of the immune system. The light chains are of two types: and lambda (λ) and Kappa (K) ; the type of a light chain is find out by its constant region.

Different genes encode the Kappa (located in human chromosome 2) and lambda (chromosome 22) light chains, and the heavy chain (chromosome 14).

The variable region of particular chain contains 3 highly variable regions known hyper variable regions and denoted as CDR1CDR2and CDR3 (CDR = complementarily-determining region) divided by 4 constant regions known framework regions (this is designated as FR1, FR2FR3FR4). The constant region of particular heavy chain has 3 homologous regions (CH1CH2 and CH3) which most likely originated from a common parental gene (3 tandem repeats of the parental gene, by following mutations).


Related Discussions:- Antibody structure

Arthropoda phylum, characteristic of spider that makes it the phylum arthro...

characteristic of spider that makes it the phylum arthropoda?

Name the skin receptors in humans, Which of the below are skin receptors...

Which of the below are skin receptors in humans which are sensitive to heat? Are they: a) End organs of Krause b) Meissner's corpuscles c) End organs of Ruffini d)

Deoxyribonucleic acid (dna), Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the nucleic ac...

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the nucleic acid composed of two polynucleotide strands wound around the central axis to form a double helix; the repository of genetic information.

Explain detail about the golgi bodies, Explain detail about the Golgi Bodie...

Explain detail about the Golgi Bodies Eukaryotic cells possess, within the cytoplasm, a complex organisation of a cluster of membrane-surrounded vesicles called the Golgi bodie

Preparation of dilutions - standard or total plate counts, Define Preparati...

Define Preparation of Dilutions - Standard or Total Plate Counts? 1. Serial dilution of homogenized sample in an appropriate diluent. Preparation of dilutions - Decimal dilu

Nursing assessment - hypospadias, Nursing Assessment Hypospadias can b...

Nursing Assessment Hypospadias can be observed by nurse or parents at birth. The child presents with abnormal pattern of voiding and presence of chordae. The stream of ur

Discuss briefly the color reactions of proteins, Question 1 List various m...

Question 1 List various methods used for determination of blood glucose. Explain the principle of each test. Add a note on advantages and disadvantages of each method Question

Explain hazard identification, Explain Hazard identification Hazard id...

Explain Hazard identification Hazard identification   is "the  identification of biological, chemical and physical agents capable of causing adverse health effects and which m

What is the cell theory, Q. What is the cell theory? Cell theory assert...

Q. What is the cell theory? Cell theory asserts that the cell is the element unit of living beings. Before the discovery of the cell, it was not acknowledged that living bei

Water - properties and functions, W A TER Occurence Water is ...

W A TER Occurence Water is the most abundant substance, covering 70% of earth's surface. It constitutes 60-90% of living cells.              5-6% in tooth e

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd