Antibody structure, Biology

Assignment Help:

Antibody Structure:

An antibody molecule consist of two alike light chains (220 amino acids each) ad two similar heavy chains (about 440-450 amino acids each) held together by disulfide bridges; this create the monomeric form of antibody. Enzymes papain cleaves particular monomeric form into two fragments that bind to the antigen (designated as FAB; fragment with antigen binding) and one fragment which does bid to antigen but make crystals (so it's called Fc, crystal forming fragment).

Approximate 100 amino acid long amino-terminal ends of both light and heavy chains add up to their variable region denoted VL and VH, correspondingly; the amino acid sequence of this regions of the heavy and light chains are known constant region (designated as CH and CL, correspondingly) as there is little variation in the amino acid sequence of this region between the antibodies belonging to the same class.

Every antibody molecule has two antigen-binding domains or sites, particular domain being constituted by the variable regions of one light and one heavy chains of an antibody molecule form its effectors function domain that determines its interaction with the other components of the immune system. The light chains are of two types: and lambda (λ) and Kappa (K) ; the type of a light chain is find out by its constant region.

Different genes encode the Kappa (located in human chromosome 2) and lambda (chromosome 22) light chains, and the heavy chain (chromosome 14).

The variable region of particular chain contains 3 highly variable regions known hyper variable regions and denoted as CDR1CDR2and CDR3 (CDR = complementarily-determining region) divided by 4 constant regions known framework regions (this is designated as FR1, FR2FR3FR4). The constant region of particular heavy chain has 3 homologous regions (CH1CH2 and CH3) which most likely originated from a common parental gene (3 tandem repeats of the parental gene, by following mutations).


Related Discussions:- Antibody structure

Candidiasis (moniliasis or thrush), C a n d i d i a s i s (monili...

C a n d i d i a s i s (moniliasis or thrush) C and i d a albicans , the causative fungus of the disease, is widespread in the environment and is usually present

What is hdls, HDLs have the opposite function to that of LDLs in which they...

HDLs have the opposite function to that of LDLs in which they deleted cholesterol from the tissues.  The HDLs are synthesized in the blood mainly from components derived from the d

basic phases of pcr, What are three basic phases of PCR?  Which phase of t...

What are three basic phases of PCR?  Which phase of these three phases is used for analysis for the end-point PCR? Why? Which phase is used for analysis for the quantitative real-t

Complete the diagram by dragging the correct label, For the cross in Part B...

For the cross in Part B, predict the frequencies of each of the phenotypes in the F1 progeny, and determine the genotype(s) present in each phenotypic class. Complete the diagram b

Define absorption, Define Absorption, Storage and Elimination of cyanocobal...

Define Absorption, Storage and Elimination of cyanocobalamin? Vitamin B 12 in food is bound to proteins and is only released by the action of a high 'Concentration of hydroch

What are the part of the musculoskeletal system, Which are the organs that ...

Which are the organs that are part of the musculoskeletal system? The main organs and tissues that are part of the musculoskeletal system in humans are the cartilages, the bone

Explain the structure of fungi, Explain the Structure of Fungi? The veg...

Explain the Structure of Fungi? The vegetative structure of a fungus is called thallus. It varies in complexity and size, ranging from unicellular yeasts to multicellular mould

Define the criteria for an indicator organism, Define the Criteria for an I...

Define the Criteria for an Indicator Organism? Following criteria are suggested for an indicator organism: i. It should be suitable for the analysis of all types of water, i

Define the food pricing, Define the Food Pricing? The pricing of the fo...

Define the Food Pricing? The pricing of the food products bought by the consumer is subject to multifarious factors. Each of the factors as discussed below can affect the prici

What is the function other than protection of the ribs, What is the functio...

What is the function, other than protection, of the ribs? The ribs help to alter the volume of the thorax during breathing movements.

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd