Antibody structure, Biology

Assignment Help:

Antibody Structure:

An antibody molecule consist of two alike light chains (220 amino acids each) ad two similar heavy chains (about 440-450 amino acids each) held together by disulfide bridges; this create the monomeric form of antibody. Enzymes papain cleaves particular monomeric form into two fragments that bind to the antigen (designated as FAB; fragment with antigen binding) and one fragment which does bid to antigen but make crystals (so it's called Fc, crystal forming fragment).

Approximate 100 amino acid long amino-terminal ends of both light and heavy chains add up to their variable region denoted VL and VH, correspondingly; the amino acid sequence of this regions of the heavy and light chains are known constant region (designated as CH and CL, correspondingly) as there is little variation in the amino acid sequence of this region between the antibodies belonging to the same class.

Every antibody molecule has two antigen-binding domains or sites, particular domain being constituted by the variable regions of one light and one heavy chains of an antibody molecule form its effectors function domain that determines its interaction with the other components of the immune system. The light chains are of two types: and lambda (λ) and Kappa (K) ; the type of a light chain is find out by its constant region.

Different genes encode the Kappa (located in human chromosome 2) and lambda (chromosome 22) light chains, and the heavy chain (chromosome 14).

The variable region of particular chain contains 3 highly variable regions known hyper variable regions and denoted as CDR1CDR2and CDR3 (CDR = complementarily-determining region) divided by 4 constant regions known framework regions (this is designated as FR1, FR2FR3FR4). The constant region of particular heavy chain has 3 homologous regions (CH1CH2 and CH3) which most likely originated from a common parental gene (3 tandem repeats of the parental gene, by following mutations).


Related Discussions:- Antibody structure

How age affects the bmr, How Age affects the BMR? The BMR per unit weig...

How Age affects the BMR? The BMR per unit weight also varies with age, being higher in children and lower in the elderly. The loss of FFM with ageing is associated with a decli

How to culture mould plant, How to culture mould plant s Use either ster...

How to culture mould plant s Use either sterile dishes with potato slices or gelatin as those ready for the experiments on bacteria. Transfer mould from every of the sources in

Protein prediction., I am trying to get help on the creation of a dataset f...

I am trying to get help on the creation of a dataset for protein prediction in matlab

What are good pharmacovigilance process, Question 1: What are Good Phar...

Question 1: What are Good Pharmacovigilance Process and Good Post-Marketing Surveillance Process? How do they differ from each other? Define and illustrate briefly Good Post

Things to do before an earthquake for minimizing losses, Things to do-  We ...

Things to do-  We ought to aide by earthquake resisting building codes during construction and retrofitting of existing buildings. We should have a first AID box handy and learn

Taxonomy, Agroup of realated genera are classified as-?

Agroup of realated genera are classified as-?

Explain the occurrence of vitamin B2, Explain the Occurrence of vitamin B 2...

Explain the Occurrence of vitamin B 2 Vitamin B 2 (riboflavin) occurs in nature almost exclusively in a combined form i.e. esterified with phosphoric acid as riboflavin-5'-ph

Explain mechanism of absorption of haem iron, Explain Mechanism of Absorpti...

Explain Mechanism of Absorption of Haem Iron? Haem iron is soluble in the alkaline environment of the intestine. It binds to the receptor on the enterocytes and is internalized

Production of substances - responses to infection, Production of substances...

Production of substances interfering with virus proliferation In some cases plants are known to synthesise chemicals that inhibit crucial functions of pathogens. This makes pl

Define the term - peroxisomes and glyoxisomes, Peroxisomes and Glyoxisomes ...

Peroxisomes and Glyoxisomes A number of metabolic reactions, such as, the oxidation of amino acids and lipids result in the production of hydrogen peroxide. As hydrogen peroxid

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd