Antibody structure, Biology

Assignment Help:

Antibody Structure:

An antibody molecule consist of two alike light chains (220 amino acids each) ad two similar heavy chains (about 440-450 amino acids each) held together by disulfide bridges; this create the monomeric form of antibody. Enzymes papain cleaves particular monomeric form into two fragments that bind to the antigen (designated as FAB; fragment with antigen binding) and one fragment which does bid to antigen but make crystals (so it's called Fc, crystal forming fragment).

Approximate 100 amino acid long amino-terminal ends of both light and heavy chains add up to their variable region denoted VL and VH, correspondingly; the amino acid sequence of this regions of the heavy and light chains are known constant region (designated as CH and CL, correspondingly) as there is little variation in the amino acid sequence of this region between the antibodies belonging to the same class.

Every antibody molecule has two antigen-binding domains or sites, particular domain being constituted by the variable regions of one light and one heavy chains of an antibody molecule form its effectors function domain that determines its interaction with the other components of the immune system. The light chains are of two types: and lambda (λ) and Kappa (K) ; the type of a light chain is find out by its constant region.

Different genes encode the Kappa (located in human chromosome 2) and lambda (chromosome 22) light chains, and the heavy chain (chromosome 14).

The variable region of particular chain contains 3 highly variable regions known hyper variable regions and denoted as CDR1CDR2and CDR3 (CDR = complementarily-determining region) divided by 4 constant regions known framework regions (this is designated as FR1, FR2FR3FR4). The constant region of particular heavy chain has 3 homologous regions (CH1CH2 and CH3) which most likely originated from a common parental gene (3 tandem repeats of the parental gene, by following mutations).


Related Discussions:- Antibody structure

Explain about the fructnns as food ingredients, Explain about the Fructnns ...

Explain about the Fructnns as Food Ingredients? Oligosaccharides have several functional/technological attributes that give them a potential for incorporation into foods. They

Why ammoniotelic excretion occur, Why after the passage of animals from the...

Why after the passage of animals from the aquatic to the terrestrial habitat does the abandonment of the ammoniotelic excretion occur? Ammonia is a highly toxic molecule if not

How athletes benefit from consuming high carbohydrate foods, How Athletes b...

How Athletes benefit from consuming high carbohydrate foods? Athletes benefit from consuming high carbohydrate foods immediately after ending repeated intervals of intense exer

What do you mean by oesophagitis, Q. What do you mean by Oesophagitis? ...

Q. What do you mean by Oesophagitis? We already know that oesophagus is a muscular tube 25 cm in length and basically helps in transporting the food from the mouth to stomach,

Explain congenital heart disease (chd), Explain Congenital Heart Disease (C...

Explain Congenital Heart Disease (CHD)? Congenital heart disease is an abnormality at birth in cardiac circulatory structure or function. Optimal management of CHD aims not mer

Is a viral infection treated with drug, Q. Is a viral infection treated wit...

Q. Is a viral infection treated with the same kind of drug that treats bacterial infections? The Antibacterial drugs, potent against a great variety of bacteria, are not effect

Define about aliphatic alcohols - non glyceride fractions, Define about Ali...

Define about Aliphatic alcohols - Non Glyceride Fractions? These are water-insoluble, with their content varying from 0.5-7% of the unsaponifiable matter. Rice bran oil contain

What are the flat bones and the long bones, What are the flat bones and the...

What are the flat bones and the long bones? The major bones of the body may be divided as flat or long bones (there are bones not classified into these categories). Such as fla

Explain the polycarbonate nucleopore filtre, Explain the Polycarbonate Nucl...

Explain the Polycarbonate Nucleopore Filtre? A given sample is filtered through a membrane filter, usually polycarbonate nucleopore filter with a pore size that will retain bac

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd