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Q. Analog Computers?
Although not used as much as the digital computer (which nowadays forms the basic tool for numerical analysis and the solution of algebraic as well as differential equations), the analog computer still retains some significant advantages over the digital computer. A physical system can be represented by a set of differential equations which can be modeled on an analog computer that uses continuously varying voltages to represent system variables. The differential equation is solved by the computer, whereas the modeled quantities are readily varied by adjusting passive components on the computer. The mathematical functions (integration, addition, scaling, and inversion) are provided by op amps.
The analog computer components are shown in Figure. Let the ordinary differential equation to be solved be
The simulation of the solution is accomplished by the connection diagram of Figure 5.4.19. Time scaling is done by redefining t as t = ατ , in which case the differential equation [Equation] becomes
The coefficients may simply be scaled by the appropriate factors to change the solution time of the analog computer. For example, if α = 20, then t = 20 s corresponds to τ = 1 s, and thus the solution time may be reduced.
For the amplifier circuit shown below estimate the mid band voltage gain if the EARLY voltage (V A ) of the current mirror transistors is 80 volts. Assume the d.c biasing is optim
Q. Sketch the idealized (asymptotic) Bode plot for the transfer function Find the angular frequency at which H(ω) is 0dB and the angular frequency at which θ(ω) = -60°.
Q. What is meant by amplification? The basic amplifying elements are, namely valves (vacuum tubes), bipolar transistors and FETs. The term "amplify" basically means to make str
Q. Describe about Boltzmann constant? The constant η in Figure (b) stands for the noise power spectral density, expressed in terms of power per unit frequency (W/Hz). Statistic
A JFET for which V A = 80 V, V P = 4 V, and I DSS = 10 mA has a quiescent drain current of 3 mA when used as a common-source amplifier for which R D = R SS = 1k and R L = 3k
Q. A magnetic circuit is found to have an ac hysteresis loss of 10 W when the peak current is Im = 2 A. Assuming the exponent of Bm to be 1.5, estimate Ph for Im = 0.5A and 8A.
2. A 6 pole lap-wound armature having 720 conductors, rotates in a field of 20.35 mWb. (a) If the induced current is 72 A, what is the torque developed by armature? (b) If the indu
Status Signals There are three status signals IO/M s and s 1 . All these signals are output signals. IO/ M - it is a status signals used to distinguish whether the
Consider the circuit of Figure (a), including a dependent source. Obtain the Thévenin equivalent at terminals a-b.
In the circuit above, V1 is a dc supply which outputs 12V, R1 has a value of 100 Ω and C1 is 100µF. The switch has been left in the position shown for a long time such that there i
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