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ALTER TABLE Command: This command is used for variation of existing structure of the table in the given situation:
Syntax
ALTER TABLE
You require to put many constraints like that the database integrity is not compromised.
Differentiate between various levels of data abstraction? Data Abstraction - Abstraction is the procedure to hide the irrelevant things from the users and represent the rele
The database depicted in the Visio diagram describes Proceeding , Article , Researcher , article PublishedIn a proceeding, article WrittenBy researchers and proceedings Edi
What is recursive closure? Why is it not possible to describe this operation in relational algebra? Recursive closure is applied to recursive relationship. An instance of rec
explain the mapping constraints
Question: (a) List four disadvantages of the File Processing System as compared to the Database Systems. (b) The integrity of a database is enforced by integrity rules. One
What is called as an N-way merge? The merge operation is a generalization of the two-way merge used by the standard in-memory sort-merge algorithm. It merges N runs, so it is k
Define the concept of aggregation. Give two examples where this concept is useful. Ans: Aggregation transforms a relationship among the objects into a higher-level object. A
How many types of users works on database? Users are differentiated through the way they expect to interact along with the system (i) Application programmers-interact with
What is the difference between WHERE and HAVING clauses?. Predicates in the WHERE clause applies to every tuple while the predicate in the HAVING clause applies to groups.
What are audit trails? An audit trail is a log of all alters to the database along with information like which user performed the change and when the alter was performed.
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