Already have an account? Get multiple benefits of using own account!
Login in your account..!
Remember me
Don't have an account? Create your account in less than a minutes,
Forgot password? how can I recover my password now!
Enter right registered email to receive password!
Abortions
Abortion in dairy cattle is commonly defined as a loss of the foetus between the age of 42 days and approximately 260 days (buffaloes 300 days). It is important to differentiate non-infectious from infectious abortions. The prevalence of brucellosis (B. abortus) can have a disastrous effect on the pregnant herd with a high percentage of abortions.
Infectious agents are perhaps the most frequently thought of cause of bovine abortion. Bacteria which can cause abortion are Brucella, Leptospira, Haemophilus, Listeria, Ureaplasm, Mycoplasma. Viral infection which causes abortions are Bovine Viral Diarrhea virus (BVD) and Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis virus (IBR, BHV- 1). Protozoa causing venereal diseases and abortion are Campylobacter fetus ss. Venerealis, Trichomonas foetus and Neospora caninum. Late abortions are more likely to be seen with neosporosis, leptospirosis and Brucellosis. Earlier losses (often recognised only when cows are pregnancy-tested as empty) may be more likely to be due to pestivirus or vibriosis. Sporadic abortions may indicate that the herd is partly immune to the disease, and that the disease has been present for some time. Other toxic causes of abortions are silo gas, severe nitrate or prussic acid poisoning and toxic plants, mycotic infections, selenium and vitamin A and E and iodine deficiency. Uses of cortisone or prostaglandin in pregnant cows, injury, domestic pets spreading infectious agents among cattle, are some of the other causes of abortions. While brucellosis – which can be sporadic, enzootic or epizootic – is highly infectious and varies with such factors as climate, the extent of control measures, and nutritional state of the animal. In populations suffering from brucellosis the incidence of abortion can be higher than 10% of established pregnancies. The incidence of abortions however, is less than 2% in populations free of brucellosis. The role of the veterinarian is important to recognize each case of abortion in order to establish a correct diagnosis and undertake appropriate treatment.
What are the main constituents of the earth's atmosphere in our time? The present atmosphere of the earth is constituted mostly of molecular nitrogen (N2) and molecular oxygen
Give number of valence electrons for technetium. Write out electronic configuration for the valence electrons. Give the number of valence electrons and the number of electronic con
Q. Which are the three hormones that participate in the regulation of the renal function? Antidiuretic hormone or ADH or vasopressin, atrial natriuretic factor (or ANF) and ald
How many grams of sodium dodecyl sulfate (mw = 288.37) would you dissolve in 80mLs of water to make a 20% solution of SDS?
What is the Importance of pantothenic acid One of the active forms of pantothenic acid is coenzyme A, which is involved in numerous metabolic functions. It is involved in t
ADP is lower energy form of ATP, containing two (in spite of the three in ATP) phosphate groups attached to the adenine base and ribose sugar.
Q. Are there any bacteria made of more than one cell? There are no pluricellular bacteria. All bacteria are unicellular prokaryotic.
In some types of cells, the cell membrane present differentiations that are essential for the specific functions of the cells. The major differentiations are the microvilli and the
What is Ridge morphology The implant-supported prosthesis is affected by the ridge morphology especially implant-supported overdentures which gain dual support from implants an
Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) Infectious laryngotracheities, caused by fowl Gallid Herpesvirus 1 belonging to the family Herpesviridae, is a quickly spreading acute res
Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!
whatsapp: +1-415-670-9521
Phone: +1-415-670-9521
Email: [email protected]
All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd