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Aggregate AssignmentThe %ROWTYPE declaration cannot include an initialization clause. Though, there are two ways to assign values to all fields in a record at once. At First, the PL/SQL allows the aggregate assignment between the whole records if their declarations refer to the similar table or cursor. For illustration, the assignment below is legal:DECLAREdept_rec1 dept%ROWTYPE;dept_rec2 dept%ROWTYPE;CURSOR c1 IS SELECT deptno, dname, loc FROM dept;dept_rec3 c1%ROWTYPE;BEGIN...dept_rec1 := dept_rec2;However, because dept_rec2 is based on a table and dept_rec3 is based on acursor, the following assignment is illegal:dept_rec2 := dept_rec3; -- illegalSecondly, you can assign a list of column values to a record by using the SELECT or FETCH statement, as the illustration below shows. The column names should appear in the order in which they are defined by the CREATE TABLE or CREATE VIEW statement.DECLAREdept_rec dept%ROWTYPE;...BEGINSELECT deptno, dname, loc INTO dept_rec FROM deptWHERE deptno = 30;
Example of COALESCE operator Example: Give the total of marks for each exam (simplified solution) SELECT CourseId, COALESCE ((SELECT SUM (Mark) FROM EXAM_MARK AS EM
Passing Cursor Parameters You use the OPEN statement to pass the parameters to a cursor. Unless you want to accept the default values, each proper parameter in the cursor decl
At times, Brewbean's has changed the id number for existing products. In the past, they have had to add a new product row with the new id to the BB_PRODUCT table, modify all the co
SQLs counterpart of the key words: The text from the opening parenthesis to the end of the fourth line specifies the declared type of the table, meaning that every table ever
WHEN or THEN Key Constraints Suppose a table has two columns representing a period of time throughout which the information conveyed by the other columns is recorded as having
Quantification in SQL To quantify something, as the theory book has it, is to state its quantity, to say how many of it there are. For example, in Tutorial D the expression CO
Using a join on 3 tables, select 5 columns and 10 rows from the 3 tables without the use of a Cartesian product Query: SELECT E.LAST_NAME, E.FIRST_NAME, S.BUILDING, S.BRAN
Example of ADD CONSTRAINT in SQL Example: Alternative formulation for MAX_ENROLMENTS ALTER TABLE IS_ENROLLED_ON ADD CONSTRAINT MAX_ENROLMENTS CHECK ((SELECT COUNT (*)
Exception handling In the PL/SQL, a warning or error condition is known as an exception. The Exceptions can be internally defined (by the run-time system) or user defined. The
Parameter and Keyword Description: type_name: This identifies a user-defined type specifier that is used in the subsequent declarations of the objects. AUTHID Clause:
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