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Problem
1. Describe the following
a) Advantages of Database Systems
b) Functions of a DBMS
2. Explain the following concepts with respect to storage structures in databases
a) Clustering
b) Indexing
3. Explain the first 3 Normal Forms taking the help of an un-normalized relation and reducing it to 3 NF
Now that she understands more about the benefits of databases, the play-scheme manager would like to extend the play-scheme database to include data for schools and instructors as
Compute the closure (F+) for the following set of the functional dependencies defined on R(a,b,c,d), where F - {c→ a, ab → d, a → b, d → c}, i.e. what are all of the FDs implied b
How many types of users works on database? Users are differentiated through the way they expect to interact along with the system (i) Application programmers-interact with
Attributes attached to an entity can be of various types. Simple The attribute that cannot be further separated into smaller parts and shows the basic meaning is known as a
Why is need for the multiple access paths?
File Organisation In Dbms Introduction Databases are used to store information. Usually, the principal operations we have to perform on database are those relating to:
Concurrency issues Data integrity: Threads accessing same object need to be synchronized, such as: banking account. Deadlock: One or more threads in system are perman
read-set(T) : Each data items that are read by a transaction T Timestamps : for all transaction T, the start-time and the end time are reserved for all the three phases.
Define an abstraction by which relationships are treated as higher level entities Ans: Aggregation. It is an abstraction by which relationships are treated as higher level
Define Boyce codd normal form A relation schema R is in BCNF with respect to a set F of functional dependencies if, for all functional dependencies in F + of the form.α ->β.
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