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We are use to using variables within C without thinking about where they are stored. Most variables are dynamic i.e. can change, therefore they are stored in Ram, unlike a program once developed is static i.e. doesn't change; this is often storage in EPROM or Rom. We can directly access the address where the variable is stored by means of the address operator '&' .This returns the address of the variable followed i.e.
printf("The address of var A is %lx and the contents of var A is %x",&a,a) This address is often fixed by the compiler and cannot be altered easily, very often we want initialize the address of a variable and vary it, C uses the concept of the pointer to handle this. A pointer is a variable which holds an address (This is in fact an address register on the 68Hc11 i.e. X, Y). We can explicitly load up the variable with any number (address which we like) and perform simple mathematical functions on it i.e. add, mul, sub etc. In order to declare the variable as a pointer we need to prefix it with a * in its declarations i.e.
int *point; char *point; float *point;
The type of pointer used describes the size of the data to be read i.e. a char pointer reads 7 bits of data , unsigned char 8 bits i.e. (some programmers use sizeof function to get actual machine size).
char * point == 7 bits unsigned char * point == 8 bits int * point == 15 bits unsigned int * point == 16 bits float * point == 31 bits unsigned float * point == 32 bits
Q. When a process creates a fresh process using the fork() operation which of the following state is shared among the parent process and the child process? 1 Stack 2 Heap
Virtual File System serves two important functions. 1. It divides file-system-generic operations from their execution by defining a clean VFS interface. 2. The VFS is based
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Research the phenomenon of data races. Give an example of how an unprotected data race can give rise to data inconsistency. How do OpenMP and Cilk resolve this problem? Data
TII stands for The abbreviation of TII is Table of incomplete instructions.
Explain about demand paging? A demand paging system is same to a paging system with swapping. Processes reside on secondary memory. When we require executing a process, we chan
Write a Perl script assignGrades.pl to assign letter grades to the students.
Allocators can also be used to avoid problems with unsafe languages. C and C++ are pervasive, with huge amounts of existing code. They are also memory-unsafe languages, in that the
What is the purpose of system calls? System calls permit user-level processes to request services of the operating system.
Q. What is the occupation of the object manager? Answer: Substance present a generic set of kernel mode interfaces to user mode programs. Objects are influenced by the execut
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