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We are use to using variables within C without thinking about where they are stored. Most variables are dynamic i.e. can change, therefore they are stored in Ram, unlike a program once developed is static i.e. doesn't change; this is often storage in EPROM or Rom. We can directly access the address where the variable is stored by means of the address operator '&' .This returns the address of the variable followed i.e.
printf("The address of var A is %lx and the contents of var A is %x",&a,a) This address is often fixed by the compiler and cannot be altered easily, very often we want initialize the address of a variable and vary it, C uses the concept of the pointer to handle this. A pointer is a variable which holds an address (This is in fact an address register on the 68Hc11 i.e. X, Y). We can explicitly load up the variable with any number (address which we like) and perform simple mathematical functions on it i.e. add, mul, sub etc. In order to declare the variable as a pointer we need to prefix it with a * in its declarations i.e.
int *point; char *point; float *point;
The type of pointer used describes the size of the data to be read i.e. a char pointer reads 7 bits of data , unsigned char 8 bits i.e. (some programmers use sizeof function to get actual machine size).
char * point == 7 bits unsigned char * point == 8 bits int * point == 15 bits unsigned int * point == 16 bits float * point == 31 bits unsigned float * point == 32 bits
What are the operations of processes? Process creation A process may create several new processes. The creating process is called as parent process, where as the new proce
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Difference between threads and processes 1. Thread is flow of implementation. Process is group of instruction which is alike to that of a program except which may be stopped an
What is macro expansion
List two types of system directories A) Device directory:- Describing physical properties of files. B) File directory :- Giving logical properties of the files.
Refer a program with a linked origin of 5000. Suppose the memory area allocated to it have the start address of 70000. Determine the value to be loaded in relocation register?
what is system performence?
UNIX Shell and History feature. 1.Creating a child process. 2.Creating a history feature. Its exactly "programming project 1 - Unix Shell and History Feature (p.157-159)" in the Si
Q. Why do some systems stay track of the type of a file while others leave it to the user or simply don't implement multiple file types? Which system is "better?" Answer: A f
How can the deadlock be prevented? To evade deadlocks first we will have to obtain the information about how resources are to be requested. And as well we should make sure that
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