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We are use to using variables within C without thinking about where they are stored. Most variables are dynamic i.e. can change, therefore they are stored in Ram, unlike a program once developed is static i.e. doesn't change; this is often storage in EPROM or Rom. We can directly access the address where the variable is stored by means of the address operator '&' .This returns the address of the variable followed i.e.
printf("The address of var A is %lx and the contents of var A is %x",&a,a) This address is often fixed by the compiler and cannot be altered easily, very often we want initialize the address of a variable and vary it, C uses the concept of the pointer to handle this. A pointer is a variable which holds an address (This is in fact an address register on the 68Hc11 i.e. X, Y). We can explicitly load up the variable with any number (address which we like) and perform simple mathematical functions on it i.e. add, mul, sub etc. In order to declare the variable as a pointer we need to prefix it with a * in its declarations i.e.
int *point; char *point; float *point;
The type of pointer used describes the size of the data to be read i.e. a char pointer reads 7 bits of data , unsigned char 8 bits i.e. (some programmers use sizeof function to get actual machine size).
char * point == 7 bits unsigned char * point == 8 bits int * point == 15 bits unsigned int * point == 16 bits float * point == 31 bits unsigned float * point == 32 bits
Process States A total of nine states are acknowledged by the UNIX system. They are like as follow: User running Executing
Define thread cancellation & target thread. The thread cancellation is the task of terminating a thread before it has completed. A thread that is to be cancelled is often refer
#include #include #include #include #include int main(void) { int pchan[2], pid, rval, cvar; char buf[20]; if (pipe(pchan) == -1){
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Define seek time and latency time. The time taken by the head to move to the appropriate cylinder or track is known as seek time. Once the head is at right track, it must wait
Explain the Advantages and Drawback of Multiple Processes Application architected to take advantage of multiple processes will certainly see performance gains. Functions and Fe
What are the various layers of a file system? The file system is composed of many dissimilar levels. Each level in the design uses the feature of the lower levels to make new f
Q) a. Given that the first three necessary conditions for a deadlock are in place, comment on the feasibility of the following strategy. All processes are given unique priorities.
What are the allocation methods of a disk space? Methods of allocating disk space which are widely in use are a. Contiguous allocation b. Linked allocation c. Indexed
combined approaches (ULT/KLT)
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