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Acetylcholine, a well known neurotransmitter, plays a critical synaptic role in the initial formation of memory. Chemical blockage of the acetylcholine receptors makes it harder to learn and remember even in healthy young people. Evidence for it comes from pharmacological studies conducted on human subjects wherein blockage of muscarinic cholinergic receptors by drugs such as scopolamine impaired the encoding of new memories. Conversely, drugs which activated nicotinic receptors enhanced the encoding of new information.
Similarly administration of scopolamine into the hippocampus impaired encoding of spatial memory. It has also been found that administration of drug that increases the level of acetylcholine in Alzheimer's disease (characterised of memory problems) improves memory by inhibiting the action of acetyl cholinesterase, an enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine and reduces its amount. Overall it can be said that decreased acetylcholine in the brain cause problems with memory function.
Fatty acid breakdown brings about the oxidation of long-chain fatty acids. The fatty acids are first transformed to their acyl CoA (coenzyme A) derivatives and then degraded by the
Using the words 'cilia' and 'mucus', describe, very briefly, how the body gets rid of dust which enters the lungs. The lining of the air passages makes mucus which traps dust p
Origin and Evolution of Metazoa Most of the early metazoans were soft bodied and so their fossils are rare. The extremely fragmented fossil record does not shed any specific l
What is mechanical digestion? In molluscs, arthropods, earthworms, birds and vertebrates, in general, which organs respectively participate in this type of digestion? Mechanica
Organic Tricuspid Regurgitation Here the valve is anatomically abnormal. Etiology of Organic tricuspid regurgitation: 1) Rheumatic 2) Non rheumatic 1. Infective e
what is a protein-to-protein interaction in other words what 2 proteins must be together for transcription to take place and what 2 proteins for replication?
Explain Problems of Infants and Preschoolers Nutrition? In spite of all nutrition interventions, there are some of the common yet life threatening problems which need to be loo
locomotion in amoeba
If molecules diffuse down their concentration gradient and achieve equal concentration throughout a container or cell, does all movement stop? Explain your answer.
Floral Apex Each plant must pass through a minimal 'ripeness to flower' stage. That is, even to perceive and respond to a specific photoperiodic regime, a plant must be ready
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