ACCOUNTING SYSTEM-EXAMPLE I 

Consider a very simple economy. It consists of

a. A number of households.

b. A single productive organization, a 'firm' - say the Jam Corporation.

The firm, owned by some of the households, engages in the manufacture of jam from freely available fruits and labor hired from the households. Thus the only scarce input or factor of production is labor. In a given year, the firm's accounts are as follows:

                                                       Production Account  

The consolidated account of the household sector is: 

                                                  Household Account 

The Gross National Product (GNP) of this economy is the value of output, viz.100. The Gross National Income (GNI) is the value of payments for services of factors of production - labor and 'ownership' - viz. wages, salaries and profits which also add up to 100 as they should.

GNP = GNI for this economy.