circulation patterns, Biology

Assignment Help:

Circulation Patterns

All vertebrates have some similarities in their circulatory systems but as vertebrate life changes from aquatic to terrestrial, the pattern of circulation becomes more complex. Fish and mammals represent two extremes in vertebrate circulation and Fig. 3.6 compares the two. The principal difference is in heart structure, from two chambered in fish to four chambered in mammals. The fish heart contains two main chambers in series the atrium or auricle and the ventricle. There are two subsidiary chambers (not shown in Figure) the sinus venosus which proceeds the atrium and conus arteriosis which comes after the heart.

These contain valves that prevent backwards flow of blood. Blood makes a single circuit from the heart to the gills where it is' oxygenated and then to the dorsal aorta to be distributed to the body from where it returns to the heart by the veins. Such a system has the advantage that all of the blood going to the body has already been oxygenated in the gills. However, there is a disadvantage i.e. the narrow gill capillaries slow down the blood flow resulting in a low blood pressure. This slows the rate of oxygen delivery to the cells and limits the metabolic rate that fish can attain.

1674_Circulation Patterns.png

                              Figure:  Circulatory system pattern in (a) fish and (b) mammals. Rust shows oxygenated blood


Related Discussions:- circulation patterns

What carbohydrate characteristic chemical features include, Carbohydrate ch...

Carbohydrate characteristic chemical features include: Select one: a. the potential to form multiple hydrogen bonds. b. the existence of one or more asymmetric centers.

Explain the function of muscular tissue, How can the presence, localization...

How can the presence, localization and function of muscular tissue in beings of the phylum Annelida be explained? In these beings there are a longitudinal muscular layer under

Process of memory, Process of Memory: There are three stages of memory E...

Process of Memory: There are three stages of memory Encoding process: It is the process of receiving sensory input and transforming it into a form or code, which can be stored.

When the plant transpiration increases, When air humidity is high does the ...

When air humidity is high does the plant transpiration increase or lower? When air humidity is high transpiration diminishes. As transpiration is a simple diffusion process it

Explain endonucleases, Explain Endonucleases Endonucleases  are  nucle...

Explain Endonucleases Endonucleases  are  nucleases present  in  the pancreatic juice like RNAase  andDNAase. These hydrolyze internal phosphodiester bonds which are located m

Signs and symptoms of acute glomerulonephritis, Signs and Symptoms ...

Signs and Symptoms Decreased urine output  Bloody or brown colour urine  Edema Malaise  Mild headache  Gastrointestinal disturbances

Psychological aspects of tooth loss, The psychological effects of total ede...

The psychological effects of total edentulism are complex and varied, and range from very minimal to a state of neuroticism. Although complete dentures are able to satisfy the esth

Can be made from set of 20 naturally occurring amino acids, How many differ...

How many different molecules composed of (A) two (B) three, and (C) four amino acids, linked together by peptide bonds, can be made from the set of 20 naturally occurring amino aci

What bacterial cell structures are used to carry the genes, What bacterial ...

What bacterial cell structures are used to carry the genes intended for genetic engineering? The cells structures in bacteria which carry genes intended for genetic engineering

Define the needs for enteral feeding, Define the needs for Enteral Feeding?...

Define the needs for Enteral Feeding? For enteral feeding following need to be considered: - In preterm calorie density to be 0.8 Kcal/ml, - LBW formulas used: protein -

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd