circulation patterns, Biology

Assignment Help:

Circulation Patterns

All vertebrates have some similarities in their circulatory systems but as vertebrate life changes from aquatic to terrestrial, the pattern of circulation becomes more complex. Fish and mammals represent two extremes in vertebrate circulation and Fig. 3.6 compares the two. The principal difference is in heart structure, from two chambered in fish to four chambered in mammals. The fish heart contains two main chambers in series the atrium or auricle and the ventricle. There are two subsidiary chambers (not shown in Figure) the sinus venosus which proceeds the atrium and conus arteriosis which comes after the heart.

These contain valves that prevent backwards flow of blood. Blood makes a single circuit from the heart to the gills where it is' oxygenated and then to the dorsal aorta to be distributed to the body from where it returns to the heart by the veins. Such a system has the advantage that all of the blood going to the body has already been oxygenated in the gills. However, there is a disadvantage i.e. the narrow gill capillaries slow down the blood flow resulting in a low blood pressure. This slows the rate of oxygen delivery to the cells and limits the metabolic rate that fish can attain.

1674_Circulation Patterns.png

                              Figure:  Circulatory system pattern in (a) fish and (b) mammals. Rust shows oxygenated blood


Related Discussions:- circulation patterns

Infants with maple syrup urine disease, Q. Infants with maple syrup urine d...

Q. Infants with maple syrup urine disease? Infants with MSUD appear normal at birth. Once they are fed on protein containing feed, they start showing the classic symptoms. Neur

What is st elevation in leads without q-wave, Q. What is ST Elevation in Le...

Q. What is ST Elevation in Leads without Q-Wave? ST elevation in leads without Q-waves can occur in few very different situations, both of which are fairly uncommon. The first

Explain reversion flavor, Reversion flavor:  The rapid oxidation of br...

Reversion flavor:  The rapid oxidation of branched furan fatty acids on exposure to light, leads to the production of an intensive aromatic substance, which along with diacety

Genetic diversity of population, Genetic Diversity of Population The b...

Genetic Diversity of Population The biological diversity of animals, plants, and microorganisms is of fundamental importance to human survival. The term "gene resources" may b

Discovery of plant hormones, Discovery of Plant Hormones To date, five...

Discovery of Plant Hormones To date, five major classes of plant hormones have been discovered namely auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid and ethylene. It is possi

How do you determine net atp production, How do you determine net atp produ...

How do you determine net atp production after complete oxidation to CO2 and H2O using mitochondrial ?-oxidation, the TCA cycle, the mitochondrial electron transport chain and oxida

Chemical stress - mineral composition, Chemical Stress - Mineral compositio...

Chemical Stress - Mineral composition The living systems make use of several mineral ions that they might have encountered at the very origin or during evolution, particularly

Explain hepatitis b, Hepatitis B  Vaccination against hepatitis B (Enger...

Hepatitis B  Vaccination against hepatitis B (Engerix-B - GlaxoSmithKline; Recombivax HB - Merck) is now a routine pediatric immunization in the US. It is recommended for previo

Assessment of megaloblastic anaemia, Assessment   On observation of a c...

Assessment   On observation of a child with this type of anaemia you will find that in addition to the symptoms  of iron deficiency anaemia there is hyper-pigmentation over knu

Structure of the vascular system, Structure of the Vascular System Th...

Structure of the Vascular System The layers of the vascular system are all similar in veins and ateries. The difference of thickness of various layers constitute the functio

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd