circulation patterns, Biology

Assignment Help:

Circulation Patterns

All vertebrates have some similarities in their circulatory systems but as vertebrate life changes from aquatic to terrestrial, the pattern of circulation becomes more complex. Fish and mammals represent two extremes in vertebrate circulation and Fig. 3.6 compares the two. The principal difference is in heart structure, from two chambered in fish to four chambered in mammals. The fish heart contains two main chambers in series the atrium or auricle and the ventricle. There are two subsidiary chambers (not shown in Figure) the sinus venosus which proceeds the atrium and conus arteriosis which comes after the heart.

These contain valves that prevent backwards flow of blood. Blood makes a single circuit from the heart to the gills where it is' oxygenated and then to the dorsal aorta to be distributed to the body from where it returns to the heart by the veins. Such a system has the advantage that all of the blood going to the body has already been oxygenated in the gills. However, there is a disadvantage i.e. the narrow gill capillaries slow down the blood flow resulting in a low blood pressure. This slows the rate of oxygen delivery to the cells and limits the metabolic rate that fish can attain.

1674_Circulation Patterns.png

                              Figure:  Circulatory system pattern in (a) fish and (b) mammals. Rust shows oxygenated blood


Related Discussions:- circulation patterns

Explain how the boll weevil populations changed, The boll weevil, an insect...

The boll weevil, an insect native to Mexico and Central America, is another pest of commercial cotton. When chemical insecticides were first discovered, they proved highly effectiv

Explain the heart rate monitoring (hrm) method, Explain the Heart Rate Moni...

Explain the Heart Rate Monitoring (HRM) Method? HRM is a method to measure the daily energy expenditure of free-living individuals, based on the relationship of heart rate and

Define health and feeding problems among elderly, Define Health and Feeding...

Define Health and Feeding Problems among Elderly? Malnutrition, both obesity and under nutrition, are common problems linked with elderly.  Some of the common disorders such as

How to use subcellular fractionation and a western blot, A virus capsid con...

A virus capsid containing vimentin, your protein of interest, gets into the cell nucleus and is broken down with the DNA being released. It is unknown whether the capsids themselve

Determine the basic seven food groups - nutritions, Determine the Basic Sev...

Determine the Basic Seven Food Groups - Nutritions? These basic seven food groups are: 1) Cereals and cereal products 2) Pulses (also meat and meat products) 3) Milk and m

How to planning the daily diet for underweight patients, How to Planning th...

How to Planning the Daily Diet for Underweight Patients? As mentioned above you need to add calories gradually to the diet. A practical way of doing so is to take the present i

Study of asian chinese of normal range of waveform indices, A Collective St...

A Collective Study performed on Asian Chinese Normotensive Population to Obtain Healthy Normal Range of some Waveform Indices  Background-  Arterial blood pressure waveforms c

Neural impulse is transmitted from one cell to another, What is the structu...

What is the structure through which the neural impulse is transmitted from one cell to another? What are its parts? The structure by which the neural impulse passes from one c

Changes in the malarial parasite, The parasite completes a part of its life...

The parasite completes a part of its life histroy in man in two stages. They are : a) Pre-Erythrocytic cycle. b) Erythrocytic cycle. 1. When an infected female Anopheles mosquit

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd