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Create centralized relational database using bottom up method. (a) Recognize a single un-normalized relation for the above scenario. (b) Recognize the primary key for the un-normalized relation. (c) Recognize all functional dependencies available in the above scenario. (d) From identified functional dependencies, produce a set of Boyce Codd Normal form relations. BCNF. (No need to do 1NF, 2NF and 3NF).
Log based recovery: Let us first describe the term transaction log in the context of DBMS. A transaction log is a record in DBMS that remains track of all the transactions of a dat
What is a transaction ? The Transaction is a unit of data processing. For instance, many of the transactions at a bank may be withdrawal or deposit of money; transfer of money f
Domain Constraint It shows that each attribute in a relation has to contain an atomic value only from the corresponding domains. The data types associated with commercial RDBMS
Isolation or Independence : The isolation property shows that the updates of a transaction should not be visible till they are committed. Isolation assurance that the progresses of
Concatenation operator Example : Printing name and job as one string as column name employees: SELECT ENAME||JOB "EMPLOYEES" FROM EMP;
Probelm: a) In the context of OODBMS, define the following terms with appropriate examples. (i) Object class. (ii) Abstract class. (iii) Aggregation. (iv)
Attributes that are directly kept in the data base. For example, 'Birth date' attribute of a person. Derived Attributes that are not stored directly but can be derived
Define access time. Access time is the time from when a read or write request is issued to when data transfer starts.
Define Hash files organization a. Hashing includes computing the address of a data item by calculating a function on the search key value. b. A hash function h is a functi
Describe the storage structure of indexed sequential files and their access method. Ans: Storage structure of Indexed Sequential files and their access: To achieve fast rand
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