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Create centralized relational database using bottom up method. (a) Recognize a single un-normalized relation for the above scenario. (b) Recognize the primary key for the un-normalized relation. (c) Recognize all functional dependencies available in the above scenario. (d) From identified functional dependencies, produce a set of Boyce Codd Normal form relations. BCNF. (No need to do 1NF, 2NF and 3NF).
Lost Updates : Suppose the two transactions T3 and T4 run simultaneously and they happen to be interleaved in the following way (suppose the initial value of X as 10000):
What is the difference among a primary index and a secondary index? Primary Index: A primary index is an ordered file whose records are of fixed length along with two fields.
Set Difference If R1 and R2 are two union compatible relations or relations then result of R3 =R1- R2 is the relation that have only those tuples that are in R1 but not in R2.
Update Anomaly : This anomaly is occurred due to data redundancy. Redundant information makes updates more complex since, for example, varying the name of the instructor of MCS-014
Explain Thomas' Write rule. Show how it is different from timestamp ordering protol Ans: In timestamp-based concurrency control the thomas Write rule is a rule. Given a Timest
What is the main difference between read-only and update methods? A read-only method does not affect the values of a variable in an object, whereas an update method may alter t
Give an example of enforcement in Typing. You can understand the idea of enforcement as it makes sure objects of dissimilar classes may not be interchanged as below: Exampl
how to construct labelled precedence graph for view serialiability.please explain insteps with one solved examples
explain ANSI SPARC architecture
Problem: (a) Data mining is one of the best ways to analyse data and using software techniques, hidden and unexpected patterns and relationships in sets of data can be extrac
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