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Chimeric reporter-plasmids, where the expression of a reporter-gene is regulated by a promoter from a different gene, are used to study the regulation of gene transcription. This is done by transiently transfecting cells in which the "experimental" promoter is active with the chimeric reporter-plasmids, and measuring the biological activity of the reporter-protein. When performing these experiments, the cells must also be transfected with a second chimeric reporter-plasmid, there expression of different reporter-gene is regulated by different promoter, usually a strain viral promoter. Why is co-transfection of two promoter-reporter plasmids always required when conducting these kinds of experiments? Briefly, describe how this is done.
When the children of various such two-child families are totaled, what proportion of children in these families will show the phenotype.
Alice expresses guilt that she may have caused Lauren's autism disorder, and is also concerned that it might occur again in future offspring. What would you advise her in terms of preventive actions, available testing, and reproduction options whe..
A mutation that inactivates a regulatory protein that normally prevents transcription of a gene is said to be trans-acting. Will this type of mutation affect the copy of this gene on the other chromosome?
In Drosophila melanogaster, a gene "ebony" produces a dark body colour when homozygous, and an independently assorting gene "black" has a similar effect (that is the black and ebony body colours are indistinguishable).
in pea plants, round seeds (R) are dominant to wrinkled seeds (r). For the cross between two pea plants with the genotype Rr and rr, list phenotypes of the parents, draw the punnet square, list the possible genotypes and phenotypes for offspring o..
Diagram an angiosperm seed. Identify the tissue or cell that each part is derived from. Distinguish between diotyledonous and monocotyledonous seeds; albuminous and exalbuminous seeds. Explain what happens in ripening and after-ripening.
What kind of measure is useful in investigating the epidemics? Enlist the steps you would carry out for detecting or investigating an outbreak.
Explain why is type O blood considered the universal donor? What would happen if a person who was a type B blood type was transfused with type A blood type and discuss the four main types of proteins found in blood plasma and what are their functions..
Assume you are mapping genes on the second chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster using three different true breeding mutant strains:
How did you weigh the different pieces of evidence to reach a conclusion to questions (2) and What evidence was most important, what was least important, etc.?
Suppose a person who has type A blood receives large amounts of whole blood from a person who has the universal donor blood type. Will that be safe? Explain!
What is meant by energy coupling? Which molecule is most commonly used in energy coupling? Discuss enzyme and catalyst
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