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Angie, a 15 yr old female, was admitted to the hospital because of recurrent episodes of pallor, jaundice, and an ulcer on her left leg. Diagnosis of hemolytic anemia had been made at the age of 3 months, and she had been transfused several times since the diagnosis. Physical examination showed jaundice, skeletal growth retardation, and enlargement of the spleen. An analysis of blood showed low Hb content, low RBC count, and elevated reticulocyte count. Morphologic analysis revealed a mixed population of RBCs containing some irregularly contracted cells with irregular surface projections. The life span of the RBCs was found to be severely shortened. Both total and indirect serum bilirubin levels were markedly elevated. Fecal urobilinogen excretion was increased. Biochemical analysis of RBC metabolites showed elevated levels of 2,3 bisphosphoglycerate (2,3 BPG) and reduced levels of ATP. A splenectomy was performed; the spleen showed congestion and the presence of hemosiderin granules. Following splenectomy, there was improvement in both the clinical and hematologic symptoms. An increase in hemoglobin concentration as well as in the number of RBCs and reticulocytes was observed. The biochemical composition of the RBCs did not change after splenectomy
What is the problem with this patient and what is the source of ATP in red blood cells?
An optional technique of performing the catalase test exist where hydrogen peroxide is dropped directly into a colony growing on an agar plate.
A couple are both tested and found to be carriers of the cystic fibrosis gene. If they have 2 children, what is the chance that both will be affected by cystic fibrosis?
As we have discussed in class, individual phylogenetic methods are best suited to particular kinds of troubles. For each of the following data sets, assess the suitability of maximum parsimony to that data set.
Darwin understood how natural selection works in the presence of a population with many variant types. What does that variation consist of? How does variation arise? How does it spread during the population.
plan the structure of butanol and show water molecules in hydrogen bonds to the butanol. How many should there be? remember the H bonding rules.
The surface area of lungs in humans is about seventy square meters. Discuss how can this be if the lungs are located in the small space of the and Find name of the large cartilage of the anterior larynx?
One interesting idea for therapy has been explored in cell culture models. In this case the scientists expressed a specialized form of an snRNA that was normally found in the spliceosome.
The small intestine is specialized for absorption by the huge number of villi that line the intestinal wall. Villi have cells that generate intestinal enzymes which complete the digestion of peptides and sugars.
What biological structure does the winding stairs in Jerome's apartment resemble and what components are represented by the "rails"?
The DNA sequence of a codon in a gene was changed from AAT to AAC. This type of mutation is known a(n) as.
Brandon and Jasmine had their 1st baby recently. When the newborn screening results came back, they were shocked to learn their baby had cystic fibrosis.
Think about a population of one hundred mice on an island, with allele frequencies B=0.2 for black coat color and b=0.8 for white coat color. Black, B,
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