Reference no: EM133061618

Question 1:

Complete the following pathway, for each step calculate the expected energy released, and give a total expected energy release for the entire process? Use the datasheet/periodic table provided, report answers to 2 decimal places, and complete the diagram in your answer book.

Question 2:
a) Describe and contrast the major methods for actinide waste immobilization? What are the advantages and disadvantages of each method chosen?

b) What is the transmutation question and what arc the impacts on nuclear waste immobilization? How can transmutation impact be reduced, provide an example, and suggest a method for accommodating the problem.

Question 3:

a) Define the unit dpa? Give an example of how it is used?

b) Describe the role displacement and incident particle energies have on the level of induced damage in a radiation damage event?

c) What are the required parameters when applying the Kinchin-Pease model for damage?

d) Diagramatically outline the Kinchin-Pease model For damage and note the assumptions made.

e) What are the impacts from radiation damage on?
1. Thermal Conductivity
2. Hardness
3. Crack Formation

Question 4:

a) When building a fission reactor core, what are the key requirements? For example, what are the material limitations, conditions expected within the core. Where appropriate suggest materials that could be used,

b) What is stress corrosion cracking, and how does it impact reactor operation?

c) What is the design rationale behind Small Modular Reactors (SMR)? What are the design/operational challenges they raise? Give an example of an application and the advantages an SMR would provide,

Question 5:

The scheme below is required for 1(a) and 1(b)

a) In your answer copy and complete the series above, and calculate the energy change tor the process outlined by the box

b) What are the three key processes in the scheme outlined above?

c) What type of reactor could be used for this process?

Question 6:

a) Outline deuterium/tritium fusion, calculate the energy released by the process and indicate how the energy is split across the products.

b) How can we increase the number of neutrons available in a fusion core? Outline an option and indicate the process involved, including the estimated energy change"

c) Outline a method for tritium breeding within a fusion reactor, give a transmutation process and calculate the energy release.

d) What is the process by which tritium can be produced in a heavy water fisson reactor? Outline the process and estimate the energy change.

Question 7:

a) Where does ¹³⁵Xe come from within a reactor? How does it modify a reactor output? What are the methods for removing ¹³⁵Xe from the core? Outline the processes involved.

b) Using the data in the table, what would be the expected thickness of Zr to match 150 pm of Mg? [Absorption of Zr = 0.185 barns. Mg = 0.063 barns)

c) Where was the first reactor on the planet? Calculate the ratio of 236U to "8U at the time and indicate why it was important? How did the reactor operate? The current 235U:238U ratio is 0.72:99.28

Attachment:- Periodic.rar