What is the mechanism of stone formation

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Develop cooperative relationships with clients when teaching concepts concerning pathological states to individuals and families Select one of the case studies below, and include discussion of your strategy for winning the patients cooperation while teaching concepts concerning pathological states to them and their families.

Requirements 1. Make sure all of the topics in the case study have been addressed.

2. Cite at least three sources; journal articles, textbooks or evidenced-based websites to support the content.

3. All sources must be within five years.

4. Do not use .com, Wikipedia, or up-to-date, etc., for your sources.

Case Study - Disorders of Renal Function Fred, a fit and healthy 44-year-old, was working outside one warm summer afternoon. When he returned home by the end of the day, his lower back felt sore and he felt nauseated. His wife made him dinner, but he was not hungry and chose to go to bed instead. Fred's symptoms progressed, and soon he was rolling on the bed with excruciating pain. He said his back hurt as well as his stomach and groin area. The pain would ease off only to return a short while later, and when it did, Fred would begin to sweat and run to the bathroom to vomit. His wife became concerned and started the car. When his symptoms abated, she helped him into the car and rushed him to the hospital.

1. At the hospital, an abdominal radiograph showed the presence of renal calculi in Fred's right ureter (urolithiasis). What is the mechanism of stone formation in the kidney? What is the role of citrate in the kidneys?

2. Why would the administration of calcium supplements be useful for a patient with calcium oxalate stones?

3. Hydronephrosis can be a complication of renal calculi. What is hydronephrosis? How does back pressure occur in a kidney, and what physiological mechanism is responsible for nephron damage when back pressure is present?

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A 44 years old patient, named Fred was admitted in the hospital with disorders of the renal function. Later it was found that he was having renal calculi. Details about the stone formation in kidney and use of calcium as an treatment option have been discussed about in this analysis.

Reference no: EM132112312

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inf2112312

10/31/2018 2:16:18 AM

I paid for 4 page paper and I received 5 pages, references are well written in very subtle manner. I am so happy with this writer, all the references are all perfect.. thank you so much Experts Mind for all your help..

len2112312

9/13/2018 11:27:08 PM

APA There is some attempt at APA formatting and citing. There are one or more missing parts such as the cover page or references list. Citation information may be missing. Citation mistakes make authorship unclear. This is an attempt use APA formatting and citing. There are both in-text citations and reference listings. Citation information may be missing or incorrect (i.e. Websites listed as in-text or reference citations). There is an attempt to cite all outside sources in at least one place. Authorship is generally clear. There is an overall attempt at APA formatting and citation style. All sources appear to have some form of citation both in the text and on a reference list. There are some formatting and citation errors. Citations generally make authorship clear. There is a strong attempt to cite all sources using APA style. Minor paper formatting errors such as a misplaced running head or margins may occur. Minor in-text citation errors such as a missing page number or a misplaced date may occur. Quotation marks and citations make authorship clear. 4 10% 0.40

len2112312

9/13/2018 11:27:03 PM

Order of Ideas & Length Requirement Paper has some good information or research, but it does not follow assignment directions and is lacking in overall organization and content. The order of information is confusing in several places and this organization interferes with the meaning or intent of the paper. However, the paper has a generally discernible purpose and follows assignment directions overall. The order of information is confusing in a few places and the lack of organization interferes with the meaning or intent of the paper in a minor way. The overall order of the information is clear and contributes to the meaning of assignment. There is one paragraph or a sentence or two that are out of place or other minor organizational issues. A few sentences may be long and hard to understand. Meets length requirements. 4 20% 0.80

len2112312

9/13/2018 11:26:58 PM

Spelling The many misspelled words and incorrect words choices significantly interfere with the readability. Many typos, misspelled words, or the use of incorrect words making understanding difficult in a few places. Some misspelled words or the misuse of words such as confusing then/than. However, intent is still clear. A few misspelled words normally caught by spellcheckers are present but do not significantly interfere with the overall readability of the paper. 4 35% 1.40

len2112312

9/13/2018 11:26:34 PM

Writing Deduction Rubric (everyone starts with 4's = no deductions) Introductory Emergent Practiced Proficient/Mastered Score Weight Final Score 0-1 2 3 4 Grammar & Punctuation The overall meaning of the paper is difficult to understand. Sentence structure, subject verb agreement errors, missing prepositions, and missing punctuation make finding meaning difficult. Several confusing sentences or 1 to 2 confusing paragraphs make understanding parts of the paper difficult, but the overall paper meaning is clear. Many subject verb agreement errors, run-on sentences, etc. cause confusion. A few confusing sentences make it difficult to understand a small portion of the paper. However, the overall meaning of a paragraph and the paper are intact. There may be a few subject verb agreement errors or some missing punctuation. There are one or two confusing sentences, but the overall sentence and paragraph meanings are clear. There are a few minor punctuation errors such as comma splices or run-on sentences. 4 35% 1.40

len2112312

9/13/2018 11:26:25 PM

Resources Does not include any resources (0) or sources utilized are not relevant and credible sources of information(1). Not all sources utilized are relevant and/or credible and/or does not meet the required number of sources. Supports many opinions and ideas with relevant and credible sources of information; meets the required number and types of resources. Supports opinions and ideas with relevant and credible sources of information; meets or exceeds the required number and types of resources. 10% 0.00

len2112312

9/13/2018 11:26:17 PM

Units 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 assignment grading rubric. Instructors: Enter total available points in cell H2, and values between 0 and 4 in the yellow cells in the Score column. Total available points = Content Rubric Introductory Emergent Practiced Proficient/Mastered Score Weight Final Score 0 - 1.9 2 - 2.9 3 - 3.9 4 Content Quality Submission does not address most of the assignment requirements and/or indicates no understanding of critical concepts. Includes some of the assignment requirements. Opinions and ideas may indicate misconceptions or little understanding of some critical concepts. Includes all assignment requirements with minor errors/omissions, supports opinions and ideas creatively, clearly, and correctly. Displays understanding of most critical concepts. Includes all assignment requirements, supports opinions and ideas creatively, clearly, and correctly with details and examples where appropriate. Displays complete understanding of critical concepts. 90% 0.00

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